Orgs 2000 Term Notes Essay Example

Organizations 2000 Term Notes Essay WEEK 1 The association has set of highlights shared by present day huge scope associations called administration (Max Weber note, key plan y) o Features include: 0 1 . Unmistakably portrayed positions and Jobs with required capabilities 0 2. Formal pecking order of positions line of power setting out force/constraints (levels of leadership) 0 3. Formal guidelines and standard working techniques 0 4. Preparing, profession ways, reward frameworks (otherwise known as headway) Macro/Micro examination o Macro association and outer hierarchical condition o Micro gatherings eams and relational relations o Organizations are perplexing frameworks and what occurs on one level influences another 0 Unanticipated outcomes of changes! 3 focal points o Strategic plan 0 View of the association: input-throughput-yield framework 0 Key ideas: exercises, relationship, assets (esp. nformation) 0 Key procedures: gathering, connecting, and adjusting 0 View of nature: asset base (wellspring of data sources), serious market 0 Role of the pioneer: hierarchical planner, tactician 0 Stimuli for change: absence of inner arrangement, absence of fit between association condition Obstacles to change: lacking data (they dont get it), deficient investigation (the case isnt persuading) o Political framework 0 View of the association: a field for struggle 0 Key ideas: power impact, premiums 0 Key procedures: strif e, exchange, alliance building, organizing 0 View of the earth: outer partners 0 Role of the pioneer: manufacturing alliances, distinguishing and utilizing premiums, arranging 0 Stimuli for change: moves in prevailing alliance, in intensity of partners 0 Obstacles to change: settled in premiums (they wont purchase in on the grounds that hello remain to lose) o Cultural viewpoint 0 View of the association: a social develop what we think it is 0 Key ideas: character, images, values, fundamental suppositions 0 Key procedures: which means and translation, legitimating 0 View of condition: social and social system 0 Role of the pioneer: articulating vision, representing the way of life, comprehension and utilizing the way of life 0 Stimuli for change: difficulties to essential suspicions, battling understandings Impediments to change: predominant culture, built up attitudes (they cannot see it) Levels of examination o Individual o Group o Organization Applications o Teams o Gender and Di versity Incentives and Motivation Change and CSR WEEK 2 STRATEGIC DESIGN Strategic structure frameworks purposely built to accomplish certain key objectives o Efficiency (achieving vital objectives with least resources)+ adequacy (objectives achieved to gauges) stressed o Assumption: association has a technique for making esteem (offer/unmistakable upper hand) sets up what exercises will prompt achievement o key inquiry: which exercises ought to be inside the limits of the association and which outside? We will compose a custom paper test on Orgs 2000 Term Notes explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Orgs 2000 Term Notes explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Orgs 2000 Term Notes explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Key components o Information handling and upgrading framework o Task fundamental component littlest unit of exercises should have been done to accomplish generally key objectives 0 Vary in multifaceted nature, routinization and association o Task relationship 0 Sequential reliance one errand finished and afterward gave off to next stage 0 Harder to oversee than pooled, simpler than corresponding 0 Pooled association assignments attempted at same time and tlnal result set up 0 Easiest to oversee 0 Reciprocal association undertakings led in rehashed collaboration with one another 0 Hardest to oversee Organizational structure decisions start with key gathering separation of bunches of exercises, positions, and people into work units o Then they should experience connecting guarantee that assets and data streams productively and viably between exercises/bunches o Lastly should utilize arrangement instruments (motivating force frameworks, data frameworks, and so forth to guarantee individ uals have the assets AND impetuses to do undertakings doled out to them Strategic gathering undertakings, capacities, teaches and isolating from others o Assumption: coordination and correspondence are simpler inside unit han across units o Basic standards 0 Activity (work) 0 Product/innovation (business division/unit) 0 Market/client (geology/client portion) o Grouping by ability/work uniting people who share comparable capacities, controls, aptitudes, and work forms Three qualities 0 1. Improvement of profound useful mastery and a serious extent of specialization 2. Economies of Scope simple to move assets across exercises inside capacities 0 3. Takes into consideration manifestations of independent arrangement frameworks each custom-made to each capacity needs/qualities Four shortcomings 1 . In reverse progressions of data can be troublesome because of consecutive reliance between capacities (e. g. from showcasing to eng) - > hence not receptive to changes in shoppers 0 2. As specialization builds, people create smaller viewpoints 0 3. Hard to survey costs 0 4. Propensity to extend levels of the executives after some time this can restrain proficient and powerful information streams 0 Frequently received by new organizations kept up over the long haul by associations that have a solitary significant business or offer comparative advances across comparable markets Grouping by Output/Product composes on premise of administration/item rovided Two qualities 0 1 . Straightforwardness of execution costs/benefits are away from each capacity (business) 0 2. Clear key concentrate every business division head is liable for benefit/development of a total chain 0 Four shortcomings 0 1 . Trouble of sharing assets lead to duplication of exercises across specialty units 0 2. New business creation troublesome specialty units center around growing their own business as opposed to finding new chances OR contending across units 0 3. Useful pros are spread can put some distance between advancement in own fields 0 4. Conveying exercises across various units can prompt botched learning chances in center capacities 0 Structure related with methodologies that underline productivity, where information on cost/gainfulness is essential Grouping by Market assembles individuals who perform various exercises/assignments and produce various yields yet serve same clients/advertise 0 1 . Limit with regards to profound client information and cozy connections 0 2. Tailor items/administrations to various requirements 0 Three shortcomings 0 1. Duplication of exercises/assets 0 2. Disintegration of profound specialized aptitude 0 3. Botched chances for collaborations and learning 0 For systems that are client centered (clients with various needs and tastes). Frequently in administration enterprises Matrix association picks two key gathering measurements and gives them equivalent load in organization structure every administrator of each working unit reports to two managers one for each measurement ren adjusting two similarly significant gathering measurements 0 Four shortcomings from unpredictability 0 1. Disarray 0 2. Greater expenses 0 3. Deferrals in dynamic 0 3. Elevated potential for struggle Front/back structure isolated into two sections. Front end faces client and sorted out by showcase creating and delivering items. Back end is sorted out result specialty units that incorporate innovation dev, creation, coordinations Two Strengths 1 . Close combination of tech improvement and creation (back end) 2. Building profound client information and cozy connections (front end) Three shortcomings 1 . Fracture of specialized skill (back end) 2. Poor incorporation between showcase needs and tech advancement 3. Guaranteeing sufficient coordination/collaboration between the front and back finishes can be troublesome o Modular/Network structures self sorting out system. The subunits meet up and collaborate to convey a particular item or administration. New turn of events. Very little data in perusing o Line exercises in the immediate chain giving items/administrations to client o Staff bolster exercises (so fund, lawful, HR, PR, IT) Linking planning structures and procedures to associate and facilitate hierarchical units and subunits whose undertakings are reliant however have been isolated by key gathering choices o Intensity of connecting systems is impacted by level of relationship (pooled, consecutive, proportional the errand relationship prior) Dotted line connections lower positioning individual is officially liable for providing all pertinent data to higher positioned individual yet that they have no conventional authority over them past the data stream (simple fix for absence of flat data stream) o Liaison jobs relegating duty regarding coordination across gatherings to people 0 These individuals are channels for information and skill 0 Primarily data centered job 0 Not a full-time obligation yet joined with different exercises o Integrator jo bs organize exercises and choice procedures 0 More of a general administration job Have carrots and stic ks to help their job o Permanent cross-unit bunches formal order for agents of various assignment/work gatherings to pool ability and arrange endeavors to a specific item/customer/advertise/issue. Regularly joined with different exercises (not full-time task) o Temporary cross-unit bunches like changeless gatherings, however venture is the gathering measurement. Disband after the task. Heads of undertaking groups assume an integrator job o IT Systems improve support for connecting and organizing instruments and even can be viewed as own connecting components Co-area putting individuals and subunits that need to e

Background Info on My Forbidden Face :: essays research papers

     Have you at any point thought about what it resembles to live as an Afghan young lady under the standard of the Taliban? This inquiry is replied in the book My Forbidden Face. Latifa, a youthful Afghan young lady, talks about her battles all through the book. Latifa faces a few distinct issues while being under the standard of the Taliban. She handles these issues with the best of her capacity.      First of all, Latifa needed to manage the battles her mother was confronting. Latifa’s mother was sick so she managed the circumstance by attempting to assist her with mothering out inside and out. Latifa was consistently there to comfort her mother. Latifa’s mother was likewise battling with not having the option to work. Since ladies weren’t permitted to do anything in the Afghan culture, Latifa opened a school for the condo youngsters. Latifa’s mother figured out how to assist by cooking, which she thought about a type of work. She watched her youngsters be abused all through the Taliban rule. Latifa had all expectations of getting instruction yet she couldn’t go to class because of the laws of the Taliban. Latifa’s mother saw solid aspirations in her little girl so she urged her to have confidence in herself and consistently put forth a valiant effort. Latifa figured out how to manage her mom’s battles well overall.      Secondly, Latifa needed to manage the manner in which ladies were treated in the Afghan culture. Ladies weren’t permitted to go outside of their homes without the organization of their dad or sibling. Latifa figured out how to manage this by remaining inside. She knew she wouldn’t need to manage the Taliban on the off chance that she maintained a strategic distance from them. Latifa likewise couldn’t stand the way that ladies couldn’t hold employments. She opened up a school for the offspring of her high rise knowing there would be brutal outcomes whenever got. She additionally needed to manage knowing her mom and sister needed to surrender their employments. Ladies were likewise required to dress in certain attire. Latifa asserted  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â she couldn’t stroll in the long skirts and couldn’t inhale under the facial apparel. Latifa jumped at the chance to wear nail clean and studs however this benefit was removed when the Taliban came into power. Ladies were dealt with gravely under the Taliban rule, however Latifa discovered approaches to manage it.      Thirdly, Latifa needed to manage her own sickness of discouragement and figured out how to manage this by perusing.

minsan

on friends / minsan One Minsan sa may Kalayaan tayo’y nagkatagpuan May mga sariling gimik at kanya-kanyang hangad sa buhay Sa ilalim ng iisang bubong Mga sikretong  ibinubulong Kahit na anong mangyari Kahit na saan ka man patungo [Once, on Kalayaan,01 a Philippine highway we bumped into each other Each with their own ambitions in life Under the same roof Secrets were whispered Whatever happens to us Wherever you may go] Harvard and MIT hold a math competition for high schoolers called HMMT. Princeton’s version of this is called PUMAC. HMMT sends a contingent of roughly twenty or so people to PUMAC every year as volunteers, which in practice, is an excuse for Harvard and MIT students to hang out with their friends in Princeton for a weekend while getting travel subsidized. For me, the big reason I wanted to go to PUMAC was to meet a bunch of my friends in high school who were coming to compete. We meet at Kendall Station at around 1:15 PM that Friday, two weeks ago. I’m travelling light, carrying only a backpack with a single change of clothes; others are rolling around suitcases. We would be travelling to Princeton in two groups. Our group has twelve or so people, the other has eight-ish. After a couple of people grab lunch from Chipotle, we take the T to South Station before boarding our bus to New York. The bus ride was long. It was supposed to be around four or five hours, but the traffic was bad enough that it became more like seven. I had prepared for this and brought some entertainment on my laptop, but my battery was going to die and I realized I didn’t bring my charger with me. This didn’t turn out to be that bad, since hanging out with the other people from HMMT was fun. I think a couple people tried to play Fish02 not Go Fish, but Canadian Fish, the superior card game on the bus. We talked about lots of random stuff. It was okay, except for the fact that, you know, our bus was delayed by two hours and I was getting hungry. We arrive at New York, eat dinner, and take a train to Princeton. As we arrive at Princeton, one of my Princeton friends, Michael, greets me. He was my host for that weekend. Their quad, in fact, was hosting four people that weekend. After dropping things in his room, we head to a math lounge in one of their buildings that looks like the Green Building, and play Castlefall and some random bluffing card games. We make it back to the dorm at two or so in the morning, and I collapse in a couch at a lounge. This was, in fact, how their quad managed to host four people: through couches in lounges. I wake up early the next morning to volunteer, and my duties are over by lunch. I use lunchtime to look for my friends. Most of the high school friends I knew who were competing I met through AoPS. A bunch of people from our PROMYS squad were there too, and I was really excited to see them. We had such a great time last summer, and I hadn’t seen them in three months. And each person I met, we hugged, and we said hi. But suddenly, it felt like we didn’t have anything to talk about anymore. What was I going to ask them? What was there to talk about with them? It’s not as if I wanted to talk about the competition, or college apps, or whatever. I asked how they were doing, and what was up, and it was the same old. And that felt weird. I knew we were very good friends in PROMYS. I knew we hung out a lot with each other that summer, and that we had a really good time, but now, now what? With each person I met, I quickly ended conversation, and ran off to somewhere else. Two Ngunit ngayon kay bilis maglaho ng kahapon Sana’y huwag kalimutan ang ating mga pinagsamahan [But now, oh, how quickly yesterday disappears I hope our friendship isn’t forgotten] The rest of the day, I buried myself with more volunteering, since I didn’t really have anything better to do. After the competition ended, I went out to dinner with friends from HMMT at PJ’s, but with none of the friends I had from PROMYS, none of the friends I had who were in high school. And then I hung out with them for the rest of the night at Frist, talking and doing psets. I think one of the weird things about HMMT is that the students who staff it are typically people who know they’ll help HMMT when they get to college. So what happens is that a lot of the freshmen involved already know each other from high school, having met each other through math competitions. I’m in the weird situation where I just happen to know a lot of these people because of interacting with them online on AoPS, but I don’t really have the shared experiences of competing with them and stuff. I guess I could feel that, somehow, when I was hanging out with people that night. Everyone felt like they were catching up, like they were updating each other on what was happening, but I felt like I barely knew anyone. I mean, sure, it was fun to hang out with them, and play games with them, and talk to them about random stuff, but every once in a while there’d be a conversation topic that I couldn’t really relate to, and it’d feel just like I’d be staring in from the outside. Which I guess wasn’t something I felt only with them. Pretty much the whole afternoon, when I kept on trying and trying to talk to my friends who were in high school, felt like that. They were there with their classmates, they were there with people whom they arranged to meet up with weeks before, whom they talk to every day, and all we had was two months together over summer. The feeling of hanging out with people who are closer to each other than they are to you isn’t new, not at all. That night, I sleep in my host’s sleeping bag instead of the couch, since the lounge was occupied. The morning after, we board a train back to New York, eat lunch, and then take a bus ride back to Boston. The whole HMMT group occupied the entire back of a Greyhound bus, and the bus ride back was fun. Fun, too, in some sense. Fun, but with reservations, because I had come to hang out with one set of friends, only to find out that we didn’t have that connection anymore. PUMAC was fun. It really was. Just not in the way I wanted it to be. Three At kung sakaling gipitin ay laging iisipin na Minsan tayo ay naging tunay na magkaibigan [And if ever I’m in trouble, I’ll always think that Once, we were truly friends] One of my high school classmates sent me a message recently. He wanted to do a video call with me, so we did. We talked about what we were up to now, and about college. He asks me if I still keep up with our other classmates. I tell him that I don’t, not any more. That even during my gap year, it felt as if I couldn’t hang out with my classmates any more, because they were all in college. How every time I hung out with them, I felt isolated, in a sense, from not having the shared experience of being in college with them. He tells me that I’m overthinking, and that I should just talk to people more. And he ended the call with wag mo kaming kalimutan. Maybe it’s a Filipino thing, but there’s this cultural mores, this social convention, embodied in the sentence wag mo kaming kalimutan. It translates to don’t forget about us. It’s the kind of thing parents tell their kids, or the kind of thing teachers tell their students. It’s the kind of thing you tell someone who’s going abroad to work, or someone who’s going far away. Always along the lines of, when you become successful, wag mo kaming kalimutan, ha? Or, when you become famous, wag mo kaming kalimutan, ha? Or when you become rich, or when you make it big, or when you’re in colege, or, when you’re far away. Wag mo kaming kalimutan. As if the action of being forgotten by your friends has happened so often to the Filipino that we feel the urge to say this. Maybe it’s a Filipino thing to say that, but the underlying feelings feel very human. We don’t want to be forgotten by our friends. At the same time, I feel the inverse feeling too, all too strongly. I don’t want to forget about my friends either. Sure, it’s not as if you forget that people exist. It’s not as if you forget who someone is. It might take a couple seconds before you can place a name to a face, but so? I can tell you stories about my friends, and all the memories I have with them. But that’s not what’s meant by wag mo kaming kalimutan, isn’t it? It’s more like a wish for a friendship to last, that you don’t grow more distant, that whatever relationship you have right now stays frozen in time, forever. But when people are brought together through circumstance, and those circumstances change, then what? Four Minsan ay parang wala nang bukas sa buhay natin Inuman sa magdamag na para bang tayo’y mauubusan Sa ilalim ng bilog na buwan Mga tiyan nati’y walang laman Ngunit kahit na walang pera Ang bawat gabi’y anong saya [Sometimes it feels that our lives have no tomorrow Drinking all night as if we’d run out Underneath the round moon Our stomachs are empty But even if we’re broke Each night was filled with joy] It makes me sad that in every stage of my life I’ve switched to completely different sets of friends. Through elementary, I had two really good friends, and we were so close we said we would be best friends forever. But we never talked after moving to middle school. From seventh through twelfth grade, I made a lot of friends at school and through math competitions in the Philippines. But now that I’m in college, the only one of these friends I talk to regularly is someone who studies in Harvard. It feels weird when I talk to people and they mention their best friends, because a lot of people have that one friend that they’ve had for ten years or since childhood or for forever. I don’t. And sure, I know, the length of a relationship isn’t an indication of closeness, because you can be very close to people even after only being friends for a short term, but it’s definitely a factor, isn’t it? It’s definitely a factor if you could pull out a childhood memory with them when hanging out in a group. A year ago, when I expressed these feelings to one of my friends, he told me that college is different. Because college is the place where people usually find the friends where they keep for the rest of their lives, he says. But it doesn’t make my fears go away. I’m scared that the friends I made here will only be friends here, and I think now I can explain why. I have this very specific picture in my mind. I graduate from MIT. I go off to work somewhere, into software or finance or whatever random high-paying field that MIT graduates do. In my workplace, there are maybe two, three people I know from college. But we’re in different departments or something, so I barely see them. I live in an apartment with two or three roommates, and they’re cool, but we don’t really talk. Then I move to a different job, because [insert high-paying job] doesn’t feel like the right fit. I make friends in my new job, and we eat out sometimes and play bowling sometimes. I have enough saved up that I have a small room to myself in some megacity. It’s not big, but I never liked having big rooms. I’m in, say, a board game group that meets up regularly, but that’s all we doâ€"board games every Tuesday night. I meet up with my friends from MIT every once in a while, and the sentiment is always I wish we had more time to hang out, but we’re on opposite sides of the country or we’re on opposite sides of the world or we’re too busy with work. I’m in a relationship with a great guy. Most nights, I spend alone, or with my boyfriend, cuddling on the couch while watching Netflix. And it’ll be satisfying, sure. It’ll be satisfying, but all of my friend groups are suddenly smaller. It wouldn’t be like MIT, where I live in a floor with forty other people, where if I wanted to hang out with someone all I needed to do is sit in the lounge and wait, where I could play board games any time I wanted, where I was involved in three different clubs, where I spent evenings crying in front of people. The circles become smaller, and smaller, until they disappear. Five Minsan ay hindi ko na alam ang nangyayari Kahit na anong gawin Lahat ng bagay ay mayroong hangganan Dahil ngayon tayo ay nilimot ng kahapon Di na mapipilitang buhayin ang ating pinagsamahan [Sometimes, I don’t know what’s happening No matter what I do Everything has an end Because now, we’ve been forgotten by yesterday Can’t force our friendship back to life] I spent all of last weekend helping out for Splash,03 two thousand high school students come to MIT’s campus to take classes, mostly taught by MIT students, about literally anythingâ€"from astronomy to ancient art to abstract algebra which is a whole blog post in itself. Last Wednesday, the day before Thanksgiving, our floor had a Thanksgiving potluck. A friend and I cooked some lumpia.04 deep-fried Filipino spring rolls The kitchen was filled with people that afternoon, all making something for dinner. It took us around three hours to fry all the lumpia, because we made a lot. We pushed the tables in the lounge next to the kitchen together. I shouted across the floor that dinner as being served. We grab food. People compliment our cooking, which was surprising, given how sketchily we cooked. Three people, who used to live on our hall, were visiting, and ate dinner with us too. We talked. One argument I remember was whether Komala, the Pokémon, was the koala or the log. After dinner, I was chatting with three other people: someone who grew up in the Philippines and California, whom I called ate, big sister; someone else from Singapore, and someone from Taiwan. We talked about life in the Philippines, jeepneys, mangoes, kangkong,05 a vegetable, common in Southeast Asian cuisine, also known as water spinach  and how shameful it was that I forgot what kangkong was called. On Thanksgiving, a friend from Harvard and someone else I knew from PROMYS ate lunch with me at Gyu-Kaku.06 a Japanese barbecue place My friend had accumulated enough points on Gyu-Kaku that we got $25 off our meal, so we decided to splurge and do the eat-all-you-can. We were there for ninety minutes, gorging ourselves on barbecued beef and pork, talking about food, and the spring, and summer, and internships. The same friend from Harvard hung out with me all afternoon in my room. He took me as a plus one to a Thanksgiving party with a few HMMT people. The host made us turkey and scallion pancakes and got us pumpkin pie. We played Codenames and Sleep Sort and BS Poker and Overcooked. We spent seven hours at his place before finally going home that night. And I was tired. And I lie down. And as I fall asleep, I felt happy, thinking to myself, wow. It feels good to have friends. Doesn’t it? a Philippine highway back to text ? not Go Fish, but Canadian Fish, the superior card game back to text ? two thousand high school students come to MIT’s campus to take classes, mostly taught by MIT students, about literally anythingâ€"from astronomy to ancient art to abstract algebra back to text ? deep-fried Filipino spring rolls back to text ? a vegetable, common in Southeast Asian cuisine, also known as water spinach back to text ? a Japanese barbecue place back to text ?

Essay On Caffeine - 1032 Words

Have you ever drank a cola or any type of soda? Have you read or heard about the main ingredient including caffeine? Well caffeine is a bitter powder like substance thats very unhealthy and healthy in the same cause. Caffeine can lead to heart attacks but if taken in the right amount can help with long days at work. Caffeine is in items such as Coca-Cola, mountain dew, coffee etc. all sodas and caffeinated drinks can lead to serious heart failure, heart attacks, insomnia, mood drops and can even increase illnesses like depression and anxiety. One way to avoid caffeinated drinks is to limit the number of sugary drinks and sodas you have. Drinks such as capri suns, apple juice, orange juice and even Gatorade take the craving for caffeine†¦show more content†¦If you already suffer from insomnia which is a disorder that makes it hard to sleep avoid caffeine around 5 hours before your bedtime routine. Caffeine can increase insomnia and make it very hard and uncomfortable to sleep. Caffeine is known to give severe migraines and make you feel nauseous. This addicting powder like substance can also cause you to stutter when ingested in large amounts. Caffeine can even make you dizzy, symptoms of sweating, cardiac arrest, and even nausea. However, if you are sensitive to caffeine these symptoms can last up to 5 hours and even longer if taken in large doses. Caffeine is possible to overdose on believe it or not. Caffeine is a natural product that is extracted from the raw fruit of coffee plants over sixty creased alertness. Caffeine gives most people a temporary energy boost and elevates mood..species to be exact. kola nuts, cocoa, yerba matà ©, guarana berries, coffee beans and teas contain this. Caffeine is rapidly absorbed in about 30 to 60 minutes in our bodies after ingestion. Caffeine is defined as a drug because it stimulates the central nervous system, causing increased alertness. Caffeine gives most people a temporary energy boost and elevates mood.caffeine can also be in things like over the counter medications, and pain relievers. Caffeine is an odorless, slightly bitter solid. It is a stimulant. Caffeine dissolves in water and alcohol, and has crystals that look like needles. When taken in smallShow MoreRelatedEssay On Caffeine921 Words   |  4 Pageswhat you’re doing to your body. Caffeine is this amazing thing that has been around forever. Even when we did not use it, it was used by plants as a defense mechanism. To fight the battle against insects, plants developed the caffeine that we all love and cherish today. It was developed on the Arabic Peninsula around 1000 AD into coffee. And then evolved into what we know today. But other than its history, caffeine has different effects with everybody. Caffeine is also a neuro-stimulant, which meansRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1328 Words   |  6 Pages Today how many people drink caffeine daily and do not realize the harmful effects of doing so? Caffeine is found in many common drinks consumed by both adults and children on a daily basis. People are not concerned with the impact of caffeine on their bodies. Caffeine is addictive and the brain will become dependent on it to keep the mind awake. Caffeine keeps the body from falling asleep by blocking the adenosine receptors; adenosine is what makes the person sleepy. Caffeinated drinks are especiallyRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1454 Words   |  6 Pagesanxiety issues could make that problem for them worse. It is advised if the person does have this issue to use caffeine very carefully. There are many diseases that could possible get worse with the use of caffeine. Bipolar, Bleeding disorders, heart conditions, diabetes, diarrhea, epilepsy, glaucoma, osteoporosis, these are all diseases that could possibly be worsened by the use of caffeine or products with. In young adults drinking 4 or more cups of coffee significantly could risk heart attack andRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1263 Words   |  6 Pages28 May 2017 Caffeine Is A Killer Caffeine is the most utilized and popular nervous system stimulant, but it is legal and unregulated all across the world; however, the question is, should it be regulated because of the consequences that come along with it? Caffeine is killing people with how high the consumption rate has gone up; â€Å"about 83% of adults drink coffee in the U.S.† (Coffee grinds US for the nation, KAren Fernau). Because of how much people are taking advantage of caffeine to get throughRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1129 Words   |  5 PagesCaffeine is a widely used substance that is known to provide wakefulness and allow for better concentration in the workspace or classroom. SYMPTOMS OF INGESTING CAFFEINE Caffeine is absorbed within the gastrointestinal tract and within 30 to 60 minutes’ maximum levels of caffeine are in your blood stream and symptoms can last for up to 12 hours (Thein, L. A., 1995). Since caffeine increases your metabolic rate and it also increases oxygen consummation it can increase heat production within yourRead MoreEssay On Caffeine975 Words   |  4 Pagesbeverages is caffeine. Caffeine is something most people overlook in their daily lives and can be harmful if taken too much. Typically, the majority of not only adults, but more recently a growing number of teenagers, rely on their daily dose of caffeine to get them through the day in hopes to not get a sense of fatigue. â€Å"Eighty three percent of adults can’t imagine life without their favorite cup of java.† (Healthy Living). The main question consumers ask themselves is whether or not the caffeine they areRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1436 Words   |  6 PagesCaffeine to the average con sumer is just an ingredient that keeps the consumer awake. This is a mental stimulant that blocks receptors in the brain, simulating that the consumer is not tired. Given that everyone is not informed about the many other things that caffeine does to one’s body, it is acceptable in society without question. Almost everyone on Earth has access to some form of caffeine—regardless of age. Caffeine is available in a variety of things like food, drinks, plants and even medicationsRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1104 Words   |  5 Pages caffeine prevention is possible. Mix decaffeinated coffee in with regular coffee and drink coffee with low fat milk. Brew tea for less time. It would be better to pick soft drinks without caffeine in them. Then, try to avoid sodas and energy drinks with caffeine added. Speak to a pharmacist or healthcare provider to find out if any of the nonprescription medications or herbal products that one takes include caffeine. Then, try not to change the way he or she takes medication without the adviceRead MoreCaffeine Essay867 Words   |  4 Pagesimprove your memory because of a drug called caffeine. Caffeine is contained in many different kinds of foods and drinks like coffee, chocolate and tea. It is a legal drug that consumed worldwide. Its function is to stimulate the central nervous system associated with brain function that affects mental performance especially alertness, attention and concentration. Theobromine is an active ingredient of chocolate that is found in cocoa. Theobromine and caffeine are related and have similar structures.Read MoreEssay On Caffeine1241 Words   |  5 PagesCaffeine By: Latasha Betsoi 7B †¢ What are the risks of mixing caffeine and alcohol? ‘’When alcohol is mixed with caffeine, the caffeine can mask the depressant effects of alcohol, making drinkers feel more alert than they would otherwise. While mixing caffeine and alcohol is increases your energy and it can mask the effects of alcohol.† Site: www.cdc.gov/alcohol and www.healthline.com †¢ What are the harmful and beneficial effects of caffeine? â€Å"Caffeine acts as a central nervous system

The Power of Nightmares Reaction Essay On Terrorism

Over the course of the twentieth century, numerous governments across the globe established organizations and agencies with aims of combating international terrorism. However, these agencies did not establish vast public attention or immense government spending until the fall of 2001. The terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001 marked the transformation of not only the American economy, but also a shift in public perceptions of terrorism, both at home and abroad. The attacks of September 11th also allowed for an expansion of political power for United States’ officials as citizens overlooked the lack of regard for civil liberties and adherence to policy due to personal fears regarding terrorism. While†¦show more content†¦Culturally, the Islamic world lacks fluidity and harmony between various sects which often calls for militant and harsh actions. Additionally, the expansion of globalization rooted in economics allowed for terrorism to sprea d across continents and to conduct attacks such as in 2001. Finally, religion appears as a hub and manual for numerous terrorist organizations. With numerous religions promise rewards for the afterlife, many terrorists follow these instructions with the aim of subduing as many non-believers as possible, even if it requires a personal suicide (Lamy 269). With three major sections of globalization providing a path and a goal for the rise of terrorism, the United States reacted drastically and allowed a general consensus of fear to drive political actions. Additionally, statistics demonstrated an increase in terrorism on a global level. In Iraq, terrorist attacks increased from 22 attacks to 198 in a mere year. Similar trends appeared in other Middle Eastern nations, such as Afghanistan, Israel, Gaza, and the West Bank. With an increase in numbers of attacks, the attacks also got more deadly with events such as the seizure of a school located in Beslan, Russia and the Madrid trai n bombing, each leaving hundreds dead (Glasser 2). However, despite the attacks made across the Middle East, no significant attacks were documented within the United States. WithShow MoreRelatedThe Infamous Collection Of Lasting Mental Effects Of Warfare1824 Words   |  8 Pagescombat fatigue. Today, this disorder is classified as post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD. According to the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, PTSD symptoms include persistent nightmares, constant avoidance of trauma-associated stimuli, and emotional numbing that was not present before trauma. 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Kay, 2009 COMPANY: KOREAN MIDLAND POWER CO Project: World’s Largest Tidal Turbine Farm Korean Midland Power Co. has signed an agreement with Lunar Energy, Britain’s leading tidal power company, to build a colossal 300 turbine field in the Wando Hoenggan WaterWay off the South Korean coast by 2015. The $800 million plus project is expected to provide 300MW of renewable energy, enough to power 200,000 homes. The project entails installing a series of 60 ft-high

The National Forest Management Act Free Essays

Writing Assignment Resource Management Policy The National Forest Management Act (NFMA) of 1976 is a federal law that reorganized, expanded and amended the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974, which called for the management of renewable resources on national forest lands. The National Forest Management Act requires the Secretary of Agriculture to assess forest lands, develop a management program based on multiple-use, sustained-yield principles, and implement a resource management plan for each unit of the National Forest System. It is the primary statute governing the administration of national forests. We will write a custom essay sample on The National Forest Management Act or any similar topic only for you Order Now The NFMA had a particular focus in regulating when, where, and how much timber could be harvested and in requiring public involvement in preparing and revising the plans. In 1982 the NFMA published the Planning Regulations, a process that planned to integrate the many interests concerning the forests. There are ten major steps to this process. Identify issues, concerns, and opportunities (ICOs); Develop planning criteria; Collect data and information necessary to address ICOs; Analyze the management situation (AMS); Formulate a broad range of alternatives including a ‘no action, alternative; Estimate the effects of each alternative on the environment, the economy, and society; Evaluate alternatives by comparing how well each resolves the ICOs; Select a preferred alternative; Implement the plan by updating all uses of the forest into conformity of the forest plan; and monitor and evaluate the plan by comparing the actual biological effects of the plan to the projections. The NFMA has started many legal suits regarding the degree of involvement required by both the forest service and the public, but the most famous was the Ohio Forestry Association v. Sierra Club. The Sierra Club claimed that the logging practices allowed in the Wayne National Forest in Southeast Ohio were unlawful under NFMA because the Act requires ongoing input and management from the Forest Service. The Court rejected the claims of the Sierra Club and stated the Forest Service is not an agency required to perform ongoing action or involvement in the forest plans. BIBLIOGRAPHY: * Pegg, J. r. â€Å"Bush Converts National Forest Management to Corporate Model. †Ã‚  Environment News Service. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. ;http://www. ens-newswire. com/ens/dec2004/2004-12-23-10. html;. * â€Å"National Forest Management Act of 1976. †Ã‚  Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. ;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/National_Forest_Management_Act_of_1976;. How to cite The National Forest Management Act, Essay examples

A Great Composer Essay Example For Students

A Great Composer Essay Only one man could claim the title as probably the greatest composer in American history for writing so many unforgettable works: Aaron Copland. He lived a life inspired by many things as well as inspiring people all across the nation, and it really led to the opposite of being drawn into himself, as he described in the quote above. He was born in Brooklyn, New York on November 14 in 1900. He was the youngest of five children to Sarah and Harris Copland. A musical spark came out in Copland already at the age of 11 as he began piano lessons with his sister. His musical talents needed tutoring from a higher level of teaching and so he studied with a professional piano teacher, Ludwig Wolfsohn, at age 14. Copland said later, No one ever connected music with my family. The idea was entirely original with me. And unfortunately the idea occurred to me seriously only at 13 or thereaboutswhich is rather late for a musician to get started, (Charles Moritz 190). He graduated in 1918 and was able to devote all his time to writing and composing music. Wanting to further his knowledge in music, he was taught harmony and counterpoint by Rubin Goldmark. Understandably, the two men shared different views and Goldmark completely disagreed with Coplands styles, so to demonstrate his own stubbornness, Copland came back to Goldmark with a piece he wrote entitled The Cat and The Mouse, (Charles Moritz 191). Copland would then attend the newly established American Conservatory at Fontainebleau in Paris, and he was honored in being the first American student of the amazing teacher, Nadia Boulanger. After three years he returned to New York without any knowledge of how a composer got his works published or performed, nor how he planned on keeping himself financially stable. Copland ended his troubling when he was given a grant of from two Guggenheim Fellowships, and some women who found an interest in his compositions that gave him some donations so he could devote all his time to writing. His first major work upon returning to America was Symphony for Organ and Orchestra which he wrote just for the few performances of Nadia Boulanger; the first one in Carnegie Hall in 1925 and another in Boston. As the twenties roared on, Copland began to show how his musical career would truly follow the ever-changing style of America. During the 1920s, Aaron Copland went with the trend and experimented with jazz styles in his music, which proved to be extraordinary in the views of many. His choice for other pieces came through modern music about which he once said, I just happened upon it in the natural course of my musical exploration. This was apparent in the way he would use ideals of Neoclassicism in his Piano Variations. Copland then hit a downfall in about 1936. He wrote a few works which were harder to perform and not taken in by many audiences due to the use of much more advanced techniques which were uncommon for the time. Copland knew a change had to be made because he quickly saw how many composers were working themselves into a vacuum, so he would follow a new path of the more simplistic American way for much of his life. This simple to understand type of writing is what brought audiences back and made Aaron Copland great. He started writing functional music like The Second Hurricane and The Outdoor Adventure for kids, as well as Of Mice and Men, Or Town, North Star, and The Red Pony for movies; Music For Radio for radio; and a few American folk songs. .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e , .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .postImageUrl , .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e , .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:hover , .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:visited , .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:active { border:0!important; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:active , .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc1ea49d5aa056672e83244402f421b9e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Chinese Takeaway Performed by Anna Yen EssayHe worked specifically with western themes in three major pieces, Rodeo (obvious Western setting), Billy the Kid (another setting in the farther west), and the ever so famous Appalachian Spring (set in Pennsylvania when it was still Americas frontier). Appalachian Spring proves how well connected Copland was with the United States as it has lasted for generations and is still herd today, but it was really an original shakers folk song called Simple Gifts. He continued a process of American influence with a few famous works from 12 Emily Dickinson poems, and from texts by Edwin Arlington Robinson, Ezra Pound, and E. E. Cummings. He did films based on late 19th century New York in a contemporary state of being. Copland spread his American affiliation outside the U. S. to include works like El Salon Mexico and Danzon Cubano related to the Northern Hemisphere. Aaron Copland would show leadership and have to prove his qualities in different situations. At about 1938, Copland became president of the American Composers Alliance and that was just the start to many organizations he would lead, help create, or partake in, such as being the head of the composition department at the Berkshire Music Center in 1940-1965. In 1946 he was also elected member of ASCAP and in 1948 he became the Director of the League of Composers. It was around 1953, and in the midst of an anticommunist craze, in which Senator Joseph McCarthy called Aaron Copland forth to be interrogated about his past relations with German composer Hanns Eisler and with U. S. political organizations that supported labor leaders Harry Bridges and Earl Browder (Liberty, Equality, Power 856). Copland proved to be a difficult witness and deflected the senators questions with ingenious answers, so that he was never called back by McCarthy. After 1960, he bought Rock Hill in the town of Cortlandt and began a slow decline in his musical performances and works. About 1965 Copland participated in a public television series called Music in the Twenties. Copland had fulfilled a life of endless achievements, as he had great impacts in promoting interests of American composers through organizations such as Copland-Sessions Concerts, American Festival of Contemporary Music, and American Composers Alliance. He was continually given many awards, like an Academy Award nomination for film score of North Star, an Academy Award for best original musical score in The Heiress, the Pulitzer Prize in music, the New York Music Critics Circle Award for Appalachian Spring, the Gold Medal of the American Academy Institute of Arts and Letters, the MacDowell Colony Medal of Honor, winning the RCA Victor Composer Competition with Dance Symphony, the Presidential Medal of Freedom (Americas top civilian honor), the Kennedy Center Honors, the Congressional Medal of Honor, the National Medal of Arts (given to him by President Reagan), the Commanders Cross of the Order of Merit from West Germany, the Howland Memorial Medal from Yale University, and the Department of Music at Queens College of the City University of New York was renamed Aaron Copland School of Music. After 1970, Copland continued lecturing and some conducting as he gradually stopped composing. He died at Phelps Memorial Hospital in Tarrytown , New York on December 2 after 90 years of musical genius and American glory. His ashes were scattered at Tanglewood, but the legend of Aaron Copland resides in us all forever.

The Great Gatsbys American Dream Essay Example

The Great Gatsbys American Dream Essay The Great Gatsbys American Dream Corrupption â€Å"There are those, I know, who will reply that the liberation of humanity, the freedom of man and. mind, is nothing but a dream. They are right. It is. It is the American Dream. † (Archibald MacLeish). This quote talks about how the American Dream is only a dream. The American is a life of personal happiness and material comfort, and is traditionally sought by the individuals in the U. S. It is only a fantasy. Author F. Scott Fitzgerald shows a great example of the causes and affects the American Dream has on people during the 1920s in his novel, The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald explains that the American Dream is unattainable through the characters and their actions and the symbolism throughout the novel. In the novel Fitzgerald indicates that the American Dream is unachievable through Gatsby’s unrealistic image of the dream. Gatsby has been in love with daisy for years and spent his life proving that he was worthy enough for her to leave her husband and take him back. Gatsby believed money could substitute for time: â€Å"Can’t repeat the past? [†¦]why of course you can[†¦] I’m going to fix everything just the way it was before[†¦]shell see†(Fitzgerald 117). We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Gatsbys American Dream specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Gatsbys American Dream specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Gatsbys American Dream specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although Gatsby recreated his past environment with money, he could not recreate the past feelings that were destroyed by time. Gatsby’s dream is bigger than himself. Critic Casie E. Hermanson writes: â€Å"it is the attempt itself and the firm belief that he can achieve the impossible that makes Gatsby more than the sum of his reality† (Hermanson 78). Gatsby’s dream was more than his own reality. It was too big of a dream for him which is why he was not able to achieve it. After Gatsby’s was killed nick realizes that Gatsby’s dream of the East Egg was not all that it was set out to be. Nick says: â€Å"After Gatsby’s death the East was haunted for me like that, distorted beyond my eyes’ power of correction† (Fitzgerald 185). Nick later on in the novel realizes that Gatsby’s dream of the east was corrupt and it wasn’t as great as it was thought to be. Gatsby’s dream was not achieved, his dream killed him. Gatsby’s great American Dream was bigger than reality itself which is why it was not possible to achieve it. Fitzgerald uses lots of symbolism in his novel to get across the idea that the American Dream is not attainable. One of the symbolisms that Fitzgerald uses to symbolize the American Dream is Gatsby’s big mansion. Fitzgerald writes: â€Å"The one on my right was a colossal affair by any standard – it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden† (Fitzgerald 9). Gatsby’s mansion symbolizes that the American Dream causes people to spend money irresponsibly and to live selfish lives. Materialism seems to be everything people think they need to achieve the American Dream which is why it is not possible to achieve it. Fitzgerald also uses the Valley of Ashes to symbolize the American Dream not being possible to achieve. Fitzgerald writes: â€Å"This is the valley of ashes – a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens, where ashes take the form of houses and chimneys and rising smoke[†¦]of men dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† (Fitzgerald 27). Fitzgerald uses the Valley of Ashes to symbolize the result of everyone’s pursuit of the American Dream and their pursuit of wealth. It is filled with ashes like it’s been burnt out and is filthy. It represents societal decay and is basically a dumping ground for everyone who has failed at achieving the American Dream. In the novel Fitzgerald always describes Daisy with light like she’s angelic. Critic Casie E. Hermanson writes: â€Å"Daisy is dressed in white and associated with light and sunshine throughout the novel [†¦] Gatsby’s own devotion to her has a permanence that Daisy cannot live up to , yet Gatsby seems committed to an idea of Daisy that he has created rather than to the real woman she is† (Hermanson 77). Daisy is always bright and described with light in the novel, which symbolizes Gatsby’s image of her that he has created. In his mind she is angelic and perfect and bright. But she is not the woman he thinks she is. She is far from being an angel. The symbolism that Fitzgerald used in the novel shows that the American Dream does not lead to any success. Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby is based around the immorality of the characters and how the unrealistic American Dream causes it. Gatsby’s American Dream causes him and Daisy to act immorally. â€Å"As he left the room again she got up and went over to Gatsby and pulled his face down kissing him on the mouth† (Fitzgerald 122). Gatsby’s dream is Daisy, who is one of the most immoral characters in the novel. As soon as Tom, Daisy’s husband, leaves the room Daisy cheats on him by kissing Gatsby. Gatsby’s Great American Dream was causing Daisy to be immoral and cheat on her husband. The American Dream is only causing immorality in the characters’ lives because it is so unrealistic and unreachable to Gatsby. Gatsby needed wealth to achieve his dream, eventually Tom figures out how he really got his wealth. â€Å"I found out what your ‘drug stores’ were. [†¦] He and this Wolfshiem bought up a lot of side-street drug stores here and in Chicago and sold grain alcohol over the counter [†¦] I picked him a bootlegger the first time I saw him†(Fitzgerald 139). Gatsby’s only way of achieving his dream and winning back Daisy’s love is by becoming wealthy, so he became a bootlegger. Which is why Daisy chose Tom instead of Gatsby, it was a safer pick. Gatsby’s American Dream was so unrealistic and bigger than himself that he had to resort to immoral crime to try and achieve it. Not only does Gatsby create his own American Dream, but he recreates his whole past with lies to make his dream attainable. While Nick, the narrator of the novel, was getting to know Gatsby he caught him in his own lies when Gatsby told him that it took him three years to earn the money for his mansion. I thought you inherited your money†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ I did old sport [†¦] but I lost most of it in the big [†¦] panic of the war. † (Fitzgerald 95). Nick was surprised when Gatsby claimed that he earned the money to buy his house because Gatsby had preciously told Nick that he lived off of the money he inherited from family. Gatsbyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s American Dream is not only causing him to commit crimes and try and steal a married woman from her husband, it also causes him to live a lie and make everyone around him believe his lie of a life. The American Dream is causing all of this immorality because it is not realistic and it is nothing more than a fantasy. Fitzgerald’s, The Great Gatsby, indicates through its characters and their behaviors and through the symbolism in the novel that the American Dream is unrealistic and cannot be achieved. From Gatsby’s unrealistic, bigger than himself image of the dream and the crimes and lies that he goes through to attempt to achieve the dream and from the immorality and the other characters actions it is indicated that the American Dream is nothing but a dream. It cannot be achieved especially not with the unrealistic images that Gatsby and some of the other characters create in their minds about the dream. The topic of the American Dream is still important in the real world because it sets a goal. Although sometimes the goal for people to work hard for. It gives people a purpose or something to dream of and try and work hard to achieve. Of course it is sometimes highly unlikely that a person will achieve the dream but it gives a sense of hope or something to look forward to.

Leadership in The Police Force Essay Sample

Leadership in The Police Force Essay Sample Leadership in The Police Force Sociology Essay Leadership in The Police Force Sociology Essay Leadership is the capacity of humans to guide or, in other words, lead other employees, teams, and even entire organizations with the primary purpose to reach some objectives or missions. In simple words, despite the enormous amount of controversial approaches to leadership, this concept is directly connected with the raising of an individual’s performance to extremely high standards. It is important to note the fact that leadership is significant in diverse spheres of human occupations, including police. The given research paper aims to determine and assess the impact of effective leadership on police performance, morale, and production. Moreover, much attention will be paid to the positive influence of several leadership styles on police officers. General Overview of Leadership Styles Nowadays, the researchers differentiate several dozens of leadership styles that are based either on individual work or collaborative team performance. However, the most common and, at the same time, the most recognized are five of them, including transformational, transactional, participative, autocratic, and, finally, laissez-faire leaders. At the same time, many researchers claim that the most widespread and influential types of leaders are as follows: transactional, democratic, laissez-faire, authoritarian, and paternalistic. Taking into consideration the nature of authoritarian or, in other words, autocratic leadership style, it is important to stress that this type of leadership is based on strict supervision and control. Authoritarian leaders support the idea that excessive and direct supervision is a key factor that contributes to efficient performance. A strict police officer that penalizes even minor offenders for speeding violation is a bright example of the communicative behavior of authoritarian leaders (Campbell Kodz, 2011). Taking into consideration the nature of democratic leadership, it should be stated that these leaders usually impress their subordinates with their incredible decision-making abilities. Democratic leaders are enthusiastic proponents of the idea that social equality between leaders and their subordinates influences the success of entire businesses or occupations. In general, positive traits of good democratic leaders are as follows: honesty, competence, intelligence, inspiration, courage, increased motivation, and imagination (Campbell Kodz, 2011). Laissez-faire leadership style gives employees a chance to manifest their strengths and weaknesses. One of the main disadvantages of this leadership style is connected with insufficient direction or guidance of the followers. Consequently, this leadership style results in the lack of the employees’ productivity, self-rule, and failure to meet organizational needs. Despite numerous advantages of laissez-faire leadership style, this type of leadership may lead to the downfall in case subordinate employees feel insecure or are unreliable and indifferent workers (Campbell Kodz, 2011). A paternalistic leader feels complete concern and cares for subordinates or followers. In this case, the relationships between co-workers and leaders are extremely warm, sincere, and solid. In order to motivate the employees, paternalistic leaders refer to such effective means as trust, cooperation, equity, and loyalty to subordinates. Finally, according to the nature of transactional leaders, it is important to note that these leaders use the system of rewards and punishments to motivate their employees. Also, the researchers claim that transactional leaders rely on the established routine work and procedures. Effective and persistent transactional leaders give entire organizations a chance to reach such valuable objectives as maturity, effectiveness of operations, increased productivity, and loyalty of employees (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). Thus, having determined and evaluated the drawbacks and advantages of major leadership styles, it is rather important to sum up that the s uccess of the organizations depends on a balance between the leadership styles being applied and equality among leaders and their employees. Police Leaders and Leadership Styles Improving police leadership is considered to be the main characteristic that can drastically change the face and professionalism of police officers. In other words, enhancing police leadership is the major plank in the reform agenda of police administration. At present, there are no either unambiguous evidence or results of statistics that would express a clear link between the impact of particular leadership style on the efficiency of police performance and success. Nowadays, police performance is widely criticized because of failure of police officers to cope with a huge range of problems. Improvement of leadership styles within the sphere of police is tremendously important as it positively influences the process of police modernization. At present, with the help of various interlinked studies that involve numerous interviews and postal questionnaires of police officers, the researchers aim to establish effective leadership styles and traits that positively impact effective perfor mance of police officers and their readiness to face extremely dangerous offenders and risky situations (Dobby, Anscombe, Tuffin, 2004). Taking into consideration the research results provided by the Police Leadership Development Board, the majority of police officers that participated in interviews and questionnaires want their leaders to make them satisfied and proud of the service being provided as well as their contribution to the welfare of the community. Moreover, the interviewees claim that enthusiastic and committed leaders help the staff to achieve their goals. In addition, police officers believe that effective police leaders should pay attention to personal as well as professional standards, participate in constant developing of all staff members, and possess appropriate knowledge and skills (Dobby, Anscombe, Tuffin, 2004). Taking into account the results of statistics, it is extremely important to emphasize that approximately 80 % of police officers are convinced that transformational leadership within the sphere of police is considered to be one of the most effective and influential (Dobby, Anscombe, Tuffin, 2004). Therefore, they claim that transformational leaders influence their subordinates in a positive way as these leaders contribute to job satisfaction and commitment of subordinates to organizational needs and objectives. The transformational framework of leadership positively impacts the professional competence of the employees and their desire to meet strategic and tactical goals. Transformational leaders do not care only about personal benefits as they serve the community and act according to the principles of morality and equality. This behavior has numerous benefits as it motivates the subordinates to reach organizational goals and missions (Dobby, Anscombe, Tuffin, 2004). Police Leadership Development Board provides important data that strong police leadership style is considered to be the key element that may not only enhance police performance but also reduce crime around the globe. Training, education, professionalism, and leadership are essential at every level of police services. Numerous organizational and training courses for police officers are established to improve performance and ability of the police staff to cope with difficult situations. The researchers have managed to estimate that the influence of police leadership on the police staff is enormous. However, police leaders may either enhance the efficiency of performance or lead to dissatisfaction among the police staff (Dobby, Anscombe, Tuffin, 2004). Therefore, police leaders influence job satisfaction, morale, and organizational commitment of their subordinates. However, not all leadership styles impact the other employees in a positive way. For instance, taking into consideration the results of statistics provided by the recent survey that involves approximately 180 police officers, sergeants, and lieutenants on the territory of Midwestern police department in the USA, transformational leadership is the most effective leadership style as it results in increased job satisfaction among the police officers. Such leadership styles as participative and supportive are also good because they contribute to organizational commitment and enhance job satisfaction among the police officers (Wuestewald, 2006). Features of Character and Traits of Effective Police Leaders According to the recent surveys that aimed at determining the most influential positive leadership traits among the police officers, it was estimated that the following competencies and skills have proved their efficiency (Campbell Kodz, 2011): active listening; communicating; loyalty; managing organizational change; increased organizational commitment; respect to all members of the police staff; setting clear vision and strategy; courage; enhanced credibility; self-confidence; active participation of subordinates in the processes of decision-making (Campbell Kodz, 2011). In addition, according to the wide range of different methodologies, leadership is no less important than communication and decision-making processes. Besides, on the basis of the recent experiments that involve more than four hundreds of police officers on local, federal, and state levels in the USA, effective leaders should possess the following crucial characteristics: critical thinking, increased commitment to ongoing education, ambitious plans, supportive behavior, close cooperation with the subordinates, sociability, respect, emotional stability as well as competitive drive, well-developed communicative skills, strong personality, and many other beneficial features (Campbell Kodz, 2011). Thus, having determined and assessed numerous positive characteristics, qualities, and traits of effective police leaders, it is possible to summarize that ideal police leaders that would have enough power to guide and control their subordinates should perform the functions of ethical workers, good communicators, confident decision-makers, and trustworthy friends. The significance of a police leader being ethical has already justified its effectiveness and contribution to the decreased crime rates (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). It is important to note that the sense of integrity, trustworthiness, and honesty motivates police officers to cooperate with their leader in order to achieve common goals and objectives. The researchers claim that police leaders should be recommended to maintain â€Å"servant leadership style†. In other words, servant leadership denotes close cooperation between leaders and followers with the purpose to justify the expectations of employees and satisfy their needs. According to the research results, police leader with ideal characteristics is the person that expresses the features and qualities of servant leadership (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). In addition to ethics and moral principles, police leaders should be the role models for their subordinates. The role models within this sphere should follow the so-called idealized behavior that involves respect, faith, and, finally, pride. Furthermore, every police leader should perform the skills of a good communicator. Communication with subordinates is tremendously important as it gives police leaders a chance to establish a tight and reliable contact with other police staff workers. In order to have support from the subordinates, police leaders should recognize the significance of explaining decisions, behaviors, and actions to other employees. Besides, communication is usually referred to as a key element in determining the organizational commitment. Taking into account the results of recent investigations, police officers at all ranks rely on the so-called degree of certainty about their role and importance from their leaders (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). Thus, it is possible to stress that police leaders should acquire the skills and characteristics of persuasive communicators that may speak on different issues starting from decentralization or commitment and ending up with significance of innovation, effective management, cooperation, and teamwork. The researchers support the idea that police leaders should become critical as well as creative thinkers. In other words, creative, as well as critical and strategic thinking are extremely important as these abilities serve as the key attributes of successful leadership. Police leaders should possess enough skills to recognize and evaluate possible hazards and, consequently, cope with them. Taking into consideration the results of the qualitative review, police agents should attend specialized programs and training in order to have enough skills to think on their feet, make tough choices, easily recognize various patterns among different types of complicated problems, and, finally, search for convincing proofs and facts to prove or refute different hypotheses (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). In addition, it is rather important to note that critical and creative thinking and imagination stimulate cooperation as well as teamwork among police staff. Trust, reliability, and trustworthiness are no less important for police leaders. The majority of researchers are the proponents of the idea that trust is considered to be a characteristic as well as the activity of police leaders (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). Trust and reliability among police leaders should be promoted within various police organizations with the purpose of creating healthy work environments and effective working relationships. Trust in the leadership of the police force promotes integrity, credibility and even respect among police leaders and their subordinates. In case police officers trust their leaders, they will actively participate in the processes of decision-making, problem-solving, and liste ning (Porter et al., 2015). On the contrary, the absence of trust, cooperation, and trustworthiness will deprive police leaders of the opportunity to manage, control, and guide their subordinates. Finally, it is important to stress that such common features as legitimacy and credibility are no less important as these qualities increase cooperation of the public with the police leaders and police officers. Credibility ensures a chance to police leaders to control their followers and guide their subordinates (Porter et al., 2015). Taking into account the leadership requirements model, presented by the researchers in the USA, every professional police leader should know and follow the core leader competencies (Porter et al., 2015). Leading, developing, and achieving are considered to be three main competencies of police leaders. In other words, police leaders have duties to perform a wide range of vitally important functions, especially leading others, extending influence and power beyond the chain of command, respecting, communicating, creating a positive atmosphere, developing self, educating others, and achieving noticeable outcomes. However, the attributes of police leaders are no less significant than their core competencies and qualities. In general, army values, empathy, readiness to cooperate, military bearing, confidence in individual and team strengths, mental agility, and domain knowledge are referred to as the key attributes of police leaders (Porter et al., 2015). Thus, having determined the basic qualities, features, and traits of police leaders, it should be summarized that the major models every effective police leader should know are as follows: ethical and moral individual, role model, persuasive communicator, person with well-developed critical as well as imaginative thinking, confident decision-maker, and, finally, trustworthy and reliable friend. In general, all these qualities are equally important to police leaders who want to cooperate with their followers to meet the needs of entire communities (Pearson-Goff Herrington, 2013). Transformational and Transactional Leadership as Perfect Leadership Styles in Police According to the estimations of the researchers and the results of statistics, transformational approach to leadership is considered to be the most effective in police outcomes because of numerous convincing reasons. In general, a transformational police leader is a courageous person with charisma who can motivate subordinates and make them feel passionate about the success of their missions. The most significant advantages of transformational leadership style within the sphere of police are motivation, planning, retention, and, finally, growth (Fisher, Weir, Phillips, 2014). Taking into account the idea of motivation, it should be stated that transformational police leaders use encouragement and inspiration to motivate subordinates to be more productive to achieve their goals and objectives. In addition, it is believed that transformational police leaders make attempts in order to motivate the entire police staff to participate in decision-making processes and planning. In case the entire police staff is on the same page with the leader’s vision, it makes the process of achieving goals not only easier but quicker, as well (Fisher, Weir, Phillips, 2014). However, it should be stated that transformational police leaders focus their attention not only on the inspiration of their subordinates. On the contrary, effective transformational police leaders understand that nothing will be done without planning and well-thought strategies. Retention of transformational police leaders is no less important as this feature reaches out every police officer and brings out the best in all of them. Finally, managing police staff to meet the expectations of society and reduce crime is one more integral feature of a transformational leader in the sphere of police work. Numerous researchers in the USA claim that police leaders should be a â€Å"one-trick pony†. In other words, they claim that effective police leader should apply and follow only one leadership style or model (Fisher, Weir, Phillips, 2014). Police leaders who practice transformational style of leadership encourage police officers to share a so-called vision of success with them. One more advantage of transformational police leaders deals with the fact that these leaders are ready to reject self-interest in order to achieve a greater good in the future. Thus, effective transformational leaders are usually formed on the basis of several major assumptions. Firstly, police officers are most willing to follow the transformational leaders who motivate and inspire them. Secondly, police officers are extremely motivated to accomplish a mission in case they understand the urgency and significance of a task. Thirdly, collaboration and teamwork that are, as a rule, promoted by the transformational leaders, is far more effective than individual performance. Fourthly, transformational police leaders motivate their subordinates to achieve a â€Å"greater good†. That is why, material rewards seem unnecessary and, to some extent , trivial compared to the idea of a â€Å"greater good† and hope for better future (Fisher, Weir, Phillips, 2014). However, while comparing transformational and transactional leadership styles in the sphere of police, many researchers claim that the second option is better, despite several limitations of transactional leadership. Transactional leadership in the sphere of police concentrates both on leaders’ and followers’ self-interests. In the majority of cases, transactional leaders act on the basis of a so-called exchange. According to the essence of this exchange, police officers persistently work to achieve some benefits and, at the same time, avoid severe penalties or various forms of punishments (Fisher, Weir, Phillips, 2014). Moreover, one of the most influential strengths of transactional police leadership is its primary focus on â€Å"here and now.† In other words, transactional leaders motivate their followers not to postpone but to get everything done in extremely short terms. According to the results of the scientific data, transactional leadership has proven it s efficiency during the period of the World War II, when army leaders assigned mandatory replacements of soldiers to the front lines with the unique purpose to strengthen combat units (Fisher, Weir Phillips, 2014). In general, transactional leadership aims to create strong and lasting bonds between police officers and their leader and encourage them to follow their goals even when their leader is not present (Fisher, Weir, Phillips, 2014). As a result, the significance of leadership in the sphere of police, basic leadership styles as well as positive traits of effective police leaders, and, finally, the essence of transformational and transactional leadership as the most significant leadership styles for police leaders have been reviewed. Thus, it is possible to infer that leadership plays a key role within the sphere of police as it ensures a vision and solutions to complicated problems, motivates hard work and cooperation, and, finally, unites police officers with the primary purpose to combat crime and improve the quality of life of the civilians. Convincing communicative skills, cooperation, education, ongoing development, focus on police values, ethics, confidence in personal strengths, imagination, persistence, and enthusiasm are considered to be the most significant core competencies and attributive traits of effective police leader. Finally, it is important to note that transformational and transactional leader ship styles are considered to be the most effective within the sphere of police. Moreover, until nowadays, the researchers in the sphere of psychology disagree whether transformational or transactional leadership is more effective as both of them have numerous advantages as well as limitations.

Management Organisational Design and change Essay

Management Organisational Design and change - Essay Example A summary of the main points discussed will be given in the conclusion at the end of the paper. 1. Basically, strategic planning can be defined as the process of attempting to strike a balance between the organisation’s objectives and resources and its changing opportunities (Mintzberg, 2000). It tries to set the direction for the use of all resources and this direction will remain valid for a period of time. As such, analysing scenarios and using them as a strategic planning tool is beneficial for planners to rank them and attempt to identify commonness in possible futures and potential pathways. Thus, scenario review involves engaging in a systematic conjecture concerning potential futures and is mainly based on scanning the environment in which the organisation operates, interpreting signals and making predictions about what might happen next. This allows the organisation to be better positioned to formulate ideal strategies that can be implemented to meet the changing dema nds of the environment in which the organisation operates. It is important for the planners to rank these scenarios given that they often differ in their order of importance. Some scenarios would require immediate actions while others would require long term plans. It is also important for the planners to identify the commonness of these scenarios in possible futures and potential pathways so as to enable them to ensure that they do not waste resources on scenarios which would otherwise require the same strategy to be solved. The planners have to first identify the scenario then followed by choosing the appropriate pathway that can be taken to fulfil the strategy. Pertinent scenarios to the organisation are often given priority and it is the duty of the planner to anticipate the intended destination of the strategy to be implemented. 2. Strategic drift is a scenario that is witnessed when a strategy manager has failed to monitor and keep pace with its changing external environment. There are certain issues for managers when they prevent strategic drift and some of them involve the following: establishing the capacity of the organisation to make the strategy happen, availability of resources as well as fear for worsening the situation. The environment in which organisations operate is dynamic and at times, unprecedented scenarios which are unfavorable to the organisation may emerge the reason why managers ought to prevent such issues from happening (Kleynhans et al 2007). In most cases, the managers prevent strategic drift by weighing their capability of making the strategy happen. Indeed, there may be changes in the external environment and it is the role of the strategy managers to ensure that the organisation has the capability to meet these changes. In order to prevent strategic drift, the managers ought to deploy strategic decisions that will ensure that the organisation may remain viable in the face of changing environment so as to be able to be better po sitioned to keep pace with the changes. The availability of resources and time may be the other issues for the managers when preventing strategic drift. It is the duty of the manager to ensure that they channel adequate resources that enable them to monitor the environment to avoid

Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools Essay

Learning of Mathematics in Secondary Schools - Essay Example Today, in whatever domain of work we look into, we always find the impact of technology continuously revolutionizing those fields and industries. The education industry is no exception. When looking deep into various disciplines of studies to analyze the actualized as well as potential impact of technology, we come across the fact that the understanding of the subjects which are very conceptual in nature, increases many folds. Mathematics is one of them. Furthermore, especially in secondary classes in Singapore, when the course of mathematics starts to get more conceptual and complex, it becomes essential to let the students visualize various concepts using multimedia, which would otherwise be impossible to demonstrate. Thus this study aims to analyze the impact of use of Information and Communication Technology in the enhancement of learning of Mathematics in the secondary schools of Singapore, particularly in the assessment aspect of teaching. Information Communication Technology i s too broad area to be analyzed as a whole, thus we would restrict ourselves to the impact of multimedia technologies only. This specification leads us to our research question, that is, This literature review is aimed to look at the work relevant to the issue that has already been done. Thus, first of all we would start with defining the term multimedia, without as well as within the context of Information Communication Technology. Moving further, we will analyze the various researches done on the issue of teaching methodologies and its relation with technologies. The term 'relation' here includes the advent, the nature and level of integration of technology and teaching over time and impact. Moving further, we would review the literature on how the multimedia technologies can facilitate the teaching of mathematics. Lastly we would try to analyze that keeping in view the existing literature, what is the need of the proposed research. It is important to be clear in very beginning that what perspective of multimedia we are considering, in order to avoid any ambiguity. In a literal sense, the word multi means many and media means the plurality of mediums, the way of delivering some thing. The type of information that is considered as part of media are diversified, it includes, text, graphics, animations, sounds and video clips. The list is not exhaustive; with the evolution of technology new types of media keep on being added. For example, initially only text was the media to be used, then graphics and then sounds, animations and clips and so on. When we speak of the term multimedia in terms of information and communication technology, it has been defined as Multimedia is communication that uses any combination of different media; it may or may not involve computers. Multimedia may include text, spoken audio, music, images, animation, and video. . Multimedia programs are often interactive and include games, sales presentations, encyclopedias, and more. From this definition we can infer some

Dangerous Stunts Seen On Youtube English Language Essay

Dangerous Stunts Seen On Youtube English Language Essay David Nuno became the latest teenager to die in a freak accident this week trying to duplicate a stunt he saw on YouTube called the good kids high. Nuno, 15, and his two friends were watching a YouTube video of how to pass out on purpose before trying it out on Tuesday, Chula Vista Police Capt. Gary Wedge said. Just like in the video, Nuno was standing before he lost consciousness. When he fell forward, he crashed onto an empty drinking glass and broke it with his collarbone, allowing the shard to slice through his interior and exterior jugular arteries. His friends didnt see the blood until they rolled him over, prompting one to race down the stairs to find Nunos father, Wedge said. As Nuno regained consciousness, he realized he was bleeding and ran down the stairs just as his father was running up to help him. As his father applied pressure to the wound with a towel, Nuno collapsed on the floor. Emergency responders arrived and tried to stop the bleeding, but Nunos pulse disappeared. They performed CPR, but he died shortly after he got to the hospital, Wedge said. Anytime a teen dies, its tragic, Wedge said, adding that hed never seen anyone try to asphyxiate himself to get high before Tuesday, but hes learned its much more common than people realize. Nunos death isnt the first like it not even the first this month. A  12-year-old  suffocated to death in Wisconsin trying to achieve a pass-out high last Thursday. The Dangerous Behaviors Foundation asked victims parents to report choking game deaths and recorded  416 fatalities  as of last September. Emergency rooms are seeing more and more teens with injuries that result from emulating things they see on YouTube videos that include the choking game, and other more innocuous sounding but deadly games such as thecinnamon challenge, the  salt-and-ice challenge, chubby bunny  and even extreme fighting. Dr. Thomas Abramo, the chief of pediatric emergency medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, said he sees all of it in his ER. Although teens have acted on risky behavior fads throughout his 30-year career, he said hes seeing trends catch on faster than ever before, and he thinks its because of YouTube and social media. If you get one kid doing it, you tend to see more kids doing it, said Abramo, who said two of his patients have died playing the choking game. The spread of the event is definitely faster. One challenge that scares Abramo involves being hit on the head with a bench or a folding chair to see if you can take it, he said. A lot of the time, they cant. Fractures, concussions, lacerations, Abramo said. Just the things you would think would happen. Once you see some of these videos, you go, Oh my God,' the doctor said. The Darwin award videos, which involve varying dangerous challenges, are the worst hes seen. Survival of the stupidest. I cant believe it happens. It defies logic, Abramo said. YouTubes guidelines prohibit content that encourages dangerous behavior, but 72 hours of new video are uploaded each minute, according to YouTube statistics, making it difficult to prevent dangerous content being posted. We count on our users to flag content they believe violates the rules, a YouTube spokesman said. We review flagged videos around the clock and remove all those that violate our policies. Dr. Alan Hilfer, a child psychologist at Maimonides Medical Center, said he thinks the existing videos validate risky behavior for teens and give them a way to get notoriety if they post a video. He said he hears a lot about YouTubes amateur ultimate fighting videos, which show teen fights with are no rules just bare knuckles. A kid showed me his video of that, and it was appalling, he said. These kids were beating each other to a pulp, and kids were standing around and cheering until somebody gave up. Hilfer, who has worked as a child psychologist for four decades, said videos also validate anorexia and cutting by making them seem normal. However, Dr. Carol Bernstein, a psychiatry professor at New York Universitys Langone Medical Center, said she doesnt think YouTube alone is to blame for teens engaging in challenges that could seriously injure them because many factors are involved. She said other environmental factors, physiology, and temperament contribute to a childs decision to emulate a video. Stress here should be on knowing our children, watching behaviors and having conversations with them, Bernstein said. Theres no substitute for parents and teachers who are engaging with their kids in general. She said if parents discover their child is hurting himself or herself in any way, they should have a conversation with that child. If necessary, she said parents should reach out to a pediatrician to see if he or she should be evaluated by a child psychologist. The message here if for parents to not be afraid to have conversations with their children, she said. We need to do that. Ada Del Riego English 4 honors/ per. 6 Mr. Wright Article Assignment Dangerous Stunts Seen on YouTube Hurting, Even Killing Teens http://usfencounter.stfrancis.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/2956.gif http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQCx80ongRk-y6fSG3R1QgrTQqvjnPF-Mcoy5Tt6bq3RPY0O1ID http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRs6FPiV59kCxKbDYRUSw6YHQHFpbUeHqOxLOzHbEXkXynS_iAg ABC news have informed us about the new game that is killing many teens today. It comes to be that there is a new game, a game in which is causing many teens to lose their lives or suffer major injuries. This game is called the choking game. David Nuno became one of the teenagers to die in a freak accident trying to attempt the choking game. He was with a group of friends and while he was attempting to suffocate himself he fell on top of a glass cup. The cup shredded into pieces because he broke it with his collarbone. The piece of glass allowed it to slice through his interior and exterior jugular arteries which caused him to have internal bleeding. When his friend noticed that David wasnt responding they turned Davids body over and he was bleeding extensively. One of Davids friends went to go reach for his parents and when his dad arrived to where David was at he applied a lot of pressure to Davids head. They called paramedics but that didnt save the life of David Nuno. The paramed ics did everything possible to keep David alive but moments later Davids pulse was gone and somebody had died because of a game that many kids are curious to try. Many of these kids are being informed by these games by the social web. You tube takes big part on this game because there are videos posted on how kids can learn how to choke themselves without a problem. Kids do these activities in groups with friends but the sad part is like Advocate Judy Rogg said these kids dont believe that they are doing any wrong in practicing these games. On the ABC news video interview, advocate Judy Rogg has a story to tell and a message to send out. Her own child was killed by this game and she as a mother didnt understand why her child who had it all would want to go ahead and try this game. As well kids say that this is a safer game to play instead of doing drugs. Judys child heard about this game in school and without her knowing Judys son grabs his boy scout rope and decides to hang himself, when police were called in to the scene they investigated that Judys son did not commit suicide if not he was trying to attempt the game called the choking game. Judy Rogg has channeled her grief to making a change in society. She has gone around the world to make notice that the choking game has to stop or at least let students know about this game and what it can do to you before trying it. It has been known that 416 facilities have been reported for playing the choking game. As well Dr. Thomas Abramo has said that he has seen almost every type of case in the ER and he believes that the kids are looking at these games like trends and something cool to do and follow. For this reason a lot of these kids are following the trend and its happening at a rapid pace. This is why Dr. Thomas blames the social media for these open ideas kids have now. For example Dr. Thomas stated If you get one kid doing it, you tend to see more kids doing it, which caused the spread of the event to happen definitely faster. These games have different names around the world for example the first name known would be the chocking game, knock out and as well California knockout. Unfortunately this isnt the only game being played, many other students also play games called the cinnamon challenge, the salt-and-ice challenge, chubby bunny and even extreme fighting. The cinnamon challenge is when you get a spoon full of powdered cinnamon you eat it and try to swallow it. It has caused several of students to lose their breath and cause the cinnamon to stay in their throat leaving the students with no way to breathe. People who have asthma are extremely in danger because it clogs up your lungs and causes you to have shortness of breath. The chubby bunny game is when you have a bag of marshmallows and you try to attempt to stick one marshmallow at a time while each marshmallow you stick you have to say chubby bunny. This is a dangerous game for the reason that in the moment that you are laughing and having a good time one marshmallow can fly to the back of your throat and choke you. The hamlet procedure will have to be given to you but in any time you wont have the luck to survive the chubby bunny. Dr. Abramo has also seen cases in which kids have themselves be beaten up to see how much they can take from something and the cases end up that they really cant take much of it. They get fractured; have concussions, and even lacerations. Dr. Abramo stated that the worst videos he has seen have been from the Darwin award but he states himself that the people who attempt these stunts define the word logic. It has come to a conclusion in which Dr. Abramo has made his own opinion that the social web has taken part in many of these kids putting their lives in danger. YouTube has guidelines in which prohibits the people to encourage themselves to do any dangerous stunt. Even though a new video is being posted up almost every seventy- two hours YouTube statistics have said that it has been harder to post up videos. As well YouTube encourages that their members flag the content that violates the rules and regulations that YouTube asks for. YouTube spokesman said We review flagged videos around the clock and remove all those that violate our policies. Dr. Alan Hilfer who is a psychologist at the Maimonides Medical Center states that these videos have changed the behavior of teens, posting up these videos give them notoriety in which changes teens behavior. Dr. Alan has seen this reaction among the kids because someone showed him a YouTube video where kids were beating each other up and all the other kids watching the fight where just cheering and didnt have any state of mind to stop this fight. Dr. Alan has been in this industry for over four decades and he doesnt remember ever seeing this type of behavior or even kids cutting themselves. Another Dr. Carol Bernstein states that she doesnt believe that the social web has so many faults on the kids reaction to these videos, she believes that YouTube itself alone is to blame for teens reacting the way they do. She believes environmental factors, physiology, and temperament cause a childs decision to emulate a video. Dr. Carol also states that parents should take a big part in their kids lives. Dr. Carol says that if any parent or teacher sees any change with their student or child they should have a deep conversation or if not they can receive help by someone else. This article wanted to state a message to parents out in the world to not be afraid to have conversations with their children. This article talks about the dangerous stunts seen on YouTube in which are hurting teens and even killing them. These games are games being played because peer pressure is put upon most students. Trends are meant to be followed as in fashion and the latest cars but not in dangerous games. For most teens any game that is being played students want to try to attempt it and follow what everyone else is doing, just because they believe that these game can cause them to get noticed or either become the cool girl or guy in school. These games have caused a lot of unexpected deaths, which is not worth to hear that your family member or friend was killed while playing one of these games. I believe that these games should be put to a stop for the reason that students dont know the consequences to these games and they are trying them without knowing if their lives can be in danger. Peer pressure takes a big part in teen society. Once your part of a group of friends everyone wants to get along, fit in with each other and as well look alike in different occasions. For these reasons a game takes a big part as well as in drinking. If one student is influenced into drinking or even doing drugs I believe kids mentality would be short enough to not notice that the game they played has caused deaths around the world. Students are sometimes pressured into wearing things they dont like, things that only students believe that they can look part of the group and not a part of what everyone else and what they are doing. As well I believe that students dont know when to stand up from what is right and wrong. When Dr. Abramo witnesses to watch a video where kids are being beaten up to points that they get black out is crazy. These students are around the fight or even watching the video as if they would like to be there in person and even picking sides to who was a better fig hter. Doctors have realized that teens now a day dont know what is good and bad and what they should stand up for. Another big part that takes place in these games is the imagination kids have now a days to entertain themselves. Sometime technology takes a big part of students lives. I believe that TV shows like Ridiculousness are TV shows that show students that these stunts are capable of doing, capable of getting hurt, and capable of not listening to the content that tells students that these stunts are not supposed to be attempted. As well YouTube has been one of the teens major resources for students to look up videos that they can imitate. There have been a lot of videos on YouTube in which they havent been flagged or reviewed to see if its an appropriate video to watch. Students just look at this as a way to be cool and attempt something that somebody else did that everyone else would like to see. The concerns that many of our teachers, parents and guardian have for us isnt because they want to be over protective if not they dont want occasions like these to happen. Health is a big part to look at when youre doing something that you believe wont get you hurt, but statistics have said by the ABC news that at least fifty percent of the teens population have tried these outrageous games. Most of the population has been boys. Teens have to realize that these games arent games to be played because they come with one consequence and that is death. Stress is a reason for the kids to act the way they do as well. This should put a warning sign to the teachers, parents and guardians so that they can notice if anything is wrong with their student or child. As well its recommended to know if there is a change in anything you see out of the ordinary on anyone to report it to someone older who can give it to the authority. Doctors as well have seen the number of increase in how kids are att empting these games and come to the hospital with the explanation that they got hurt playing these games. I remember games being played when I was little but not the games today that teens are hearing about. Hide and Seek, Catch me if you can and card games are all game that teens and even younger kids play. Younger kids are more influenced to do something that their friend has asked them to do because they are friends and the innocence in a kid and teen isnt t noticed to them yet. Kids and teens trust their friends almost as much as they trust their own family and if playing a game like truth or dare is fun, they wont see any harm in playing it. Stunts are not meant to be done by children, teens or unprofessional people. Stunts that are posted on YouTube and other websites are either meant for you to see and laugh at or enjoy it. It has come to the conclusion that because of these stunts there have been lifes lost just because others want to attempt something that can cause you harm just because youre not capable for it. In this occasion I believe since there isnt much to do any more about these kids to stop playing these games the best way to handle the situation is to create an organization in where students and teens all around the world can pledge to not playing these games because they are dangerous. Its the same concept used in how ATT is using the schools and people to pledge to not driving and texting. Opinions by the public have been made that our society isnt thinking correctly and day by day they just go ahead and sacrifice their life for something that isnt worth trying. The public blames this situation in many different ways. First they blame the person for doing the stunt because either they are not realizing what they are doing or are just too dumb to notice. As well they are blaming the parents because they are not taking too much responsibility to what their children do and act, and lastly the public blames the media because these stories keep on coming up and it never dies down. It just gives a more of an opportunity for the people to hear about the situation and continue it. I cant disagree with none of these statements because all of them come into play in this story and article. Everyone has a fault in the situations that the teens face today and for this reason I believe that media, parents, and children should all sit down and realize that they have some fault in wha t has happened. They should all as well help out and find a way where everyone can help out and fix the situation. Media for once should only display what is correct to display and the negativity on deaths and stunts like these should be kept to a minimum on who should find out about these situations. Then again I believe that the article caught my attention because there are so many ways to look at the situation and as well many ways to interpret your own opinion in this article from what you believe is right and wrong, towards what you believe has the most fault in this article and what should be changed to make our society better and make our people understand that these stunts are not meant to be done or shown to others if not done by a professional.