Many of Steinbecks characters are crippled mentally or physically Essay

Many of Steinbecks characters are crippled mentally or physically. How far do you agree with this and how far are they made victims of society of the time? Lennie is probably the most obvious character of the book that is mentally crippled. He has brooder slopping shoulders and walks along heavily dragging his feet. Underneath Lennie is a child, he may look like and man but isn’t. Like a child Lennie has a fascination of small cuddle, cute things, especially rabbits. ‘I like to pet things with my fingers, sof’ things’. Lennie is also clumsy like a child and on the ranch others see him as a slow worker. George is like a father to Lennie and he looks up to him, and also fully dependant on him. He wont do anything till George says he can, he automatically turns to George in when in any danger, like a child dependant on his mother. Candy is the oldest of the characters and he is physically crippled, as he has lost his right hand as a young boy. He was one of the best workers of the ranch and everyone respected him in his younger days. But he is slowly becoming useless, with only a job of sweeping and has become very lonely with only the companionship of a dog. But soon found friendship in George and Lennie. However this does not stop him from being a nosy character and finds interest in others gossip. Candy loves his dog to pieces, but like candy the dog is getting old and weak, ‘ That dog of Candy’s is so god damn old he can’t hardly walk’. Candy has had to dog for most of its life, and it’s the only thing that reminds him of the good days on the ranch. Crooks is the only black man on the ranch and he is crippled physically as he has a bent spine. Considering how hard it was for black men in those days, they were not given any respect at all and were bullied. The people at the ranch were racist towards him. ‘ But I can’t play cards cause I’m black and they say I stink.’ He is also lonely like Candy and is rejected from the people at the ranch, he has his own cabin and spends most of his time in there on his own. Crooks seems to be a bit sensitive underneath his brave face and takes it all to heart. He trusts no one but himself, because he isn’t respected. Though at some times he has a slightly vicious streak, ‘You got no right to come in my room, nobody got any right in here but me.’ A lot of the people on the ranch take advantage of him because they know they can get away with it. ‘Listen nigger you know what I can do if you don’t shut your trap’. I think that Crooks knows that people take advantage of him, but he can’t fight back. Curly’s is the bosses’ son and he thinks he is a powerfully man. He has a constant eagerness to prove himself. One of his weaknesses is that he doesn’t like taller people because they make him feel insecure, threatened and small. Deep down he is a lonely character and is insecure. Curly copies his Dad like Lennie copies George. By taking on the future job of the ranch and has a future not like most of the workers, and wants to become powerful like his Father. Curly’s wife plays a small part, though a crucial one. She is the only one of Steinbecks characters that is nameless. In those times it was hard to be a woman and were looked upon as staying at home all day and cooking for the husbands on return. She is a flirt of the ranch, what with being the only woman and the men on the ranch refer to her as a tart. No one really wants to talk to her as they are worried what curly might do if he found out, and this makes her lonely and isolated. ‘ Well I think Curley’s married a tart.’ Curly’s wife wanted to make something of her life, so she is very disappointed that she hasn’t, this can make her feel very viscous. Though still she has the power, like her husband to make people feel small and unimportant, that’s why people chose to exclude her on the ranch. She is young and niave and would believe anything she was told. ‘He says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural.’ I think that Steinbeck wrote his characters to be either mentally or physically crippled. He wrote this book to expose all of the racial and sexist prejudice. He succeeded in this by using the right characters and their every day life.

The Economic System of Western After the Breakup of Fuedalism

The distinguished in the nineteenth century and it†s collapse in the twentieth century have led to similar, though much slower and less obvious, process in the course of modern science. Today†s frantic development in the field of technology has a quality reminiscent of the days preceding the economic crash of 1929. The clearest evidence of it may be seen in such comparatively young sciences such as psychology and political economy. In psychology, one may observe the attempt to study human behavior without reference to the fact that man is conscious. In political economy, one may observe the attempt to study and device social systems without reference to man. Political economy came into prominence in the 19th century, in the era of philosophies post kantian disintegration, and no one rose to check its premises or to challenge its base. Political economist-including the advocates of capitalism-defined their sciences as the study of management or direction or organization or manipulation of â€Å"community†s† or nations resources. The author goes on to say that the European culture regarded material productions as work that should be done by slaves or serfs but not first class citizens. It must be remembered that the institution of private property, in the full, legal meaning of the term, was brought into existence only by capitalism. In the pre-capitalist eras, private property existed de facto but not de jure, i. e. by custom and sufferance, not by right or by law. In law and in principle all land belonged to the head of the tribe, the king, and was held only by permission, which could be revoked at any time. CAPITALISM, a term used to donate the economic systems that has been dominate in the western world since the breakup of feudalism. Fundamental to any system called capitalist are the relations between private owners of non-personal means of production (land mines, industrial plants, etc†¦. collectively known as capital) and free but capitalizes workers, who sell their labor services to employers. The resulting wage bargains determines the proportion in which the total products of society will be shared between the class of laborers and the class of capitalist entrepreneurs. Productive use of the â€Å"social surplus† was special virtue that enabled capitalism to outstrip all prior economic systems. Instead of building pyramids and cathedrals, those in command of the social surplus chose to invest in ships, warehouses, raw materials, finished goods and other material forms of wealth. There is of course, no such thing as a â€Å"social surplus. † All wealth is produced by somebody and belongs to somebody. Mans essential characteristic is his rational faculty. man†s mind is his basic means of survival-his only means of gaining knowledge. If some men do not choose to think, they can survive only by imitating and repeating a routine of work discovered by others-but those others had to discover it, or none would have survived. If men do not choose to think or to work, they can survive (temporarily) only by looting the goods produced by others-but those others had to produce them or none would have survived. Man cannot survive as animals do, by the mere guidance of perceptions. He cannot provide for his simplest physical need without process of thought. e needs a process of thought to discover how to plant and grow food or how to make weapons for hunting. His precepts might lead him to a cave. No precepts or instincts will tell him how to light a fire. Is man a sovereign individual who owns his person, his mind, his life, his work and it†s products-or is he the property of the tribe (the state, the society, the collective) that may dispose of him any way it pleases, that may dictate his convictions, prescribe the course of his life, control his work and expropriate his products? Does man have the right? To exist for his own sake-or is he born of bondage, as an indentures servant who must keep buying his life by serving the tribe but can never acquire it free and clear. In a capitalist society, all human relationships are voluntary. Men are free to cooperate or not, to deal with one another or not, as their own individual judgments, convictions, and interests dictate. They can deal with one another only in terms of and by means of reason, i. e. by means of discussion, persuasion, and contractual agreement, by voluntary choice, by voluntary choice of mutual benefit. The right to agree with others is not a problem in any society; it is the right to disagree that crucial. It is the institution of private property the protects and implements the rights to disagree-and thus keeps the roaf open to man†s most valuable attribute (valuable personally, socially, and objectively): the creative mind. The recognition of individual rights entails the banishment of physical force from human relationships: basically, rights can be violated by only means of force. In a capitalist society, no man or group may initiate the use of physical force against others. The only function of the government is such a society is, the task of protecting man†s rights, i. e. the task of protecting him from physical force. The author goes on to say that the only time the government can use force is when there is retaliation. Such there is no such entity as â€Å"society† since society is only a number of individual men, this meant, in practice, that the rulers did not abide by the moral laws only subject to traditional rituals, they held total power and exacted blind obedience. They believed good which is good for the society. The most profoundly revolutionary achievement of the United States of America was subordination of society to moral law. The principle of man†s individual rights represented the extension of morality into the social system-as a limitation tot he power of the state, as man†s protection against the brute force of the collective. He goes onto say the United States was the first moral state. I don†t know what kind of morals the author is actually referring to. A right is a moral principle defining and sanctioning a mans freedom of action in a social context. There is only one fundamental â€Å"right†: mans right to his own life. The right to life is the source of all rights-and the right to property is their only implementation. He goes on to say all previous systems had regarded man as a sacrificial means to the end of others, and society as a means to a peaceful, orderly, voluntary, coexistence of individuals. All previous systems had regard man†s life as society property that they could dispose of him anytime they felt like it Without property rights, no other rights are possible. Since man has to sustain life by his own effort, the man who has no right to property is a right to action, like all the others: it is not the right to an object, but to the action and consequences of producing or earning that object. It is not a guarantee that am man will earn any property, but only a guarantee that he will own it if he earn it. It is the right to gain, to keep , to use and to dispose of material values. To violate man†s right means to compel him against his own judgment, or to expropriate his values. there is only on why to do it: by the use of physical force.

6 Things Charles Darwin Did Not Know

Redesigned SAT Test Format

Should the Legal Driving Age Be Raised Essay - 526 Words

The big debate as to whether the legal driving age should be raised to eighteen is an ongoing issue. There are both arguments for and against this matter. Younger drivers, as well as old ones, can cause many life-threatening accidents; therefore, raising the minimum driving age could significantly reduce the number of accidents. The accident rates can be lowered considerably if the legal driving age is bumped up to eighteen. This would mean that no more kids could get hurt or worse, killed in a car accident. Despite the fact that it is illegal in Australia to use your mobile phone whilst driving, as it is a distraction, one in three (34%) of teenagers between the ages of 16-17 have texted whilst driving. Texting and driving at the same†¦show more content†¦Adolescents can be immature, careless and reckless, especially when they’re trying to show off to their other friends. The general public somewhat views eighteen as an appropriate age at which young people grow into adults. As a result, driving should be one of those privileges and responsibilities of being welcomed into adulthood. On the other hand, permitting young people to drive at the same age as they are allowed to consume legal drugs such as alcohol and nicotine surely is a big step in the wrong direction. By agreeing to let young people to have the responsibility to drive without the attraction of illegal drugs, nonetheless, you are giving them an opportunity to learn, first hand, the real risks, threats and enc ounters of driving, hopefully being able to benefit young people make better and more responsible decisions whilst driving. Not only is driving not equal to that of drinking or smoking as it requires an ability test, but those who do drive have to abide to strict laws and registrations. Adolescents are taught how to properly drive cars and have to be able to prove that they can perform to a specific level before they are able to get their licences. All of the studies that have been carried out in this field show that younger drivers that are behind the wheel are more likely to be involved in serious accidents - raising the age would make the roads a much safer place forShow MoreRelatedThe Legal Driving Age Should Not Be Raised1738 Words   |  7 Pagesto become doubtful about the legal driving age being sixteen. They believe that teenagers are immature, childish, indecisive and underdeveloped. People feel that the driving age should be raised to twenty-one so that the society is safer and has more responsible drivers. These people are wrong because teenagers are not as irresponsible as they think. Teenagers need a chance to change others view on them as drivers and become more independent. After turning a certain age, youth do not depend on parentsRead MoreLowering the Legal Drinking Age to 18 Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesLowering the Legal Drinking Age to 18 Sarah, an eighteen-year-old college freshman, walks into a convenience store and moves timidly to the back, hoping that no one she knows will see her. Opening the refrigerator door, she pulls out a chilled case of Coors Light. Sarah nervously approaches the cashier, with her fake ID ready to be shown, and places the case of beer on the counter. Upon first sight, the cashier assumes that Sarah is not of legal age to buy beer, because she is petite and looksRead More The Drinking Age Should NOT Be Lowered Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pageslowering the minimum legal drinking age. Choose Responsibility, a group founded by John McCardell, proposes that upon completion of a 40 hour course to educate young people about alcohol, 18, 19, and 20 year old people should be licensed to drink. The Amethyst Initiative, part of Choose Responsibility, is a petition to Congress to rethink the minimum legal drinking age. Several college leaders have signed this petition in the belief that lowering t he minimum legal drinking age will reduce binge drinkingRead MoreEssay about Keeping the Drinking Age at 211662 Words   |  7 Pagesthe legal age limit of when teens should be able to drink. Having it lowered is controversial because according to prior experiences, data shows that younger age drinking is well known for its fatalities. According to Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), on one of the most popular prom nights in 1999, as many as 62 percent of the traffic deaths were alcohol-related (). The most important question is whether or not the drinking age anywhere in the United States should be lowered, raised or ifRead MoreEconomics Intervention and Externalities Essay example939 Words   |  4 Pagesevaluate a measure imposed by the government in order to combat a negative externality. Since the start of January, Netherlands has increased the legal drinking age in the country from 16 years to 18 years (Xuereb). The government simply tried to internalize the externalit ies caused due to drinking, by inflicting a new law that would change the legal drinking age. The government believed that this would be beneficial to the society. The reasons that led to this change were the increased rates of alcoholRead MoreShould the Legal Drinking Age Be Lowered? Essay1439 Words   |  6 Pagespart 174 years has done very little to change people’s attitudes. The legal drinking age in the USA has been a topic of contention and debate since the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment, which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment and ushered in the end of prohibition in 1933. (http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/prohibition-ends ) ïÆ'ŸAdd to works cited The legal drinking age prohibition in the United States should be lowered from 21 to better align with existing rights and privilegesRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered From The Age Of 21 Essay980 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"adults† cannot even make their own decisions? The drinking age on alcohol is a controversial social and cultural issue in today’s society; all fifty states have a minimum drinking age of 21. The legal drinking age should be lowered from the age of 21 to 18 allowing young adults to be granted the right to drink in restaurants, bars, at social events, in the comfort of their own home, and so on. If anything, lowering the legal drinking age would have a positive impact on the United Sates economy, becauseRead MoreWhen A Person Should Legally Be Considered An Adult1092 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Professor Course Date The question of when a person should legally be considered an adult has remained a contentious debate in both scientific and political circles. Most of the legal bars that have been set are politically inspired, scientific studies in the recent times have shed light to the numerous anomalies that these legal bars of adulthood possess. However, it is common agreement that age is the most convenient parameter in which to measure adulthood and thus makesRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Removed1735 Words   |  7 PagesThe legal drinking age should be removed because it teaches safe drinking, it removes the taboo around it, and history proves it does not work at 18. Conor Lewis 12-4-15 English 3rd Alcohol. The source of curiosity among young people everywhere. People everywhere, college students, and even some high school students enjoy it. There’s no doubt this nation enjoys alcohol but what about the people who can’t taste it yet? What about those who are considered adults in every way and permitted toRead MoreDo You Really Want to Wait Until You are 18 to Get your Driver ´s License?555 Words   |  3 Pages18 to get your driver’s license? There are some people that think you should wait until your 18 to drive, while on the other hand there are people who think the opposite of that. If the driving age was increased teenagers would not have transportation to their jobs. Parents would have to take their children to their jobs, when it should be the teenager’s responsibility to drive themselves to their jobs. Having the driving age increased would mean less responsibility put onto the shoulders of teens

Nyerere free essay sample

Conditions that produced authoritarian and single party state There were three main causes that lead to Nyerere’s authoritarian state. One was that he had created a party and worked his way up in order to get towards higher levels. In 1945 he formed the Tanganyika African National union also known as the (TANU). Nyerere soon became president, and in 1958 he was elected to the legislative council and eventually became chief minister in 1960. To Nyerere’s convenience Tanzania gained independence in 1961, this contributed to one of the causes that lead to the authoritarian state. Once independence was gained, Nyerere was then Prime Minister. At the time that Tanzania came into independence, Nyerere was at a position of high political power. With his position and Tanzania’s independence people saw him as the most relevant leader to the nation. Lastly, in 1962 Nyerere was finally elected president. This was his final step in his rise to a single party state and an authoritarian leader. His position as president put him in total control and he was now able to influences the people with his ideologies. Aims, ideology, who was their support base Similar to all leaders Nyerere had specific aims in mind as he rose to power. What Nyerere desired was to bring a blend of Socialism and African Communal living to Tanzania. As Nyerere rose to power he had great intentions for the country of Tanzania. His main aim was to provide education, opportunity and equality for every individual in the nation. Nyerere aspired for the people to become independent and self-reliant and his purpose was to help both the people of Tanzania and Africa as a whole. His intentions were to rid Africa of the imperial powers and unite all African countries. The outline for Nyerere’s aims was known as the Arusha Declaration. Self Reliance, abstinence, and self-denial were emphasized throughout the declaration of his goals for Tanzania. Nyerere has a theory known as Ujamaa, it revolved around the idea that the majority of production would be nationalized and that everybody was a worker who needed to contribute to the society. The Arusha Declaration also specified that the country should be based on socialism and the concept of equality, additionally that nobody should have more privileges than anybody else. The idea of moving the majority of development to the rural areas and the focus of ridding the nation of poverty was another aspect included in the declaration. Overall, Nyerere’s aims and ideologies circled around the ideas of equality and the unity of Africa. There were three main aspects to Nyerere’s ideologies. Britain ruled over Tanzania before it was an independent nation. Based on British imperialism Nyerere had hatred towards imperialist powers. Through his own perspective he had witnessed the ways in which the British treated Tanzania and he came to the conclusion that imperialism does not work and it negatively affects countries and their people. Therefore, Nyerere adopted the ideas of socialism and changed it according to his own interpretation. What Nyerere came up with was African Communal living applied to socialism, which was a combination of both principles. In conclusion the three main aspects were unity in Tanzania and Africa, equal opportunities for all individuals, and lastly the movement of development to rural areas. The extent at which they achieved totalitarianism Julius Nyerere was the president of Tanzania from 1962 to 1985, which was a single party state rule. Even after his presidency, he continued to have an impact in the government up until the early 1990’s. During his regime, Nyerere achieved almost complete totalitarian rule. However, Nyerere was not perceived as a horrendous dictator. His intentions were to help the people and e attempted to use his ideology for the benefit of the people and the nation. In addition to that, he had also vigorously attempted to unite the people of Africa. For example, the conflict in Uganda proves Nyerere’s attempts of uniting Africa. Idi Amin was the terrible leader of Uganda; he had attacked Tanzania. Nyerere responded with military action and eventually he was able to liberate Uganda through overthrowing their leader and taking the capital. Also, he took part in hosting many African Unity Organizations such as the Pan-African Congress and the African National Congress. Nyerere was willing to listen to the people and he avoided being a ruthless leader, but he was in total control of the nation and he was able to succeed totalitarian rule. Establishment of authoritarian rule Methods they used for keeping power As it has already been discussed Nyerere worked his way to high political power prior to the independence of Tanzania. During this time he gained a lot of power in the party TANU that benefited his establishment of power after Tanzania gained its independence. The TANU became the main party of Tanzania soon after it was independent causing Nyerere to easily maintain his high rank. A method that Nyerere used to maintain his power was that he apprehended whoever went against him. Through using a preventive detention act he was allowed to imprison his opponents at will. Nyerere was not a brutal dictator, though he still eliminated the opposition in order to remain in power. Creating an education system to spread his ideals was another one of his methods used to maintain power. He used this system to gain support of Tanzanians and to easily spread his ideas throughout the nation. His education system provided people with the knowledge of socialism and self-sufficiency and with this information the people would then accept Nyerere’s ideologies. With his education system it helped him maintain power because his ideologies were all that was taught and it prevented other influences and ideas from being shared. That is how Nyerere was able to maintain his totalitarian position. Nature and treatment of opposition As stated earlier Nyerere used a preventive detention act in order to defeat his opposition and maintain power. The preventive act also controlled strikes, angry opposition to trade and union acts and racists and anti foreign activities. His treatment of opposition was not extremely harsh, but it was not good either. The act allowed him to imprison his opponents whenever he pleased to do so. It allowed him to stay in power as well as not come off as an evil leader. The treatment of his opponents is shown through Reverend Christopher Mtikila’s answer when he was asked â€Å"Did people live in fear during the Nyerere era? † â€Å"We experienced a very strange way of living because of the terror campaign with the security officers trained in the communist block. It was terrible. People did not trust anyone, even in the families. Wives would not trust their husbands and vice versa because it was a very severe terror campaign. People would disappear silently and no one would be allowed to think about them because if you are suspected to be thinking treason, then you also disappear. We lived under that repressive regime, I mean, all these years until this guy retired after the failure of Ujama, because we did not achieve all these things. We were made to think about things, which were not there and believe they are there. To say otherwise was to say treason. This is the terror campaign which subdued us to the level of livestock, which always live in fear of slaughter anytime. † Based on Reverend Mtikila’s statement, Nyerere is demonstrated as fearful in some ways. In some cases, Nyerere would respond militarily against some opposition. For instance, the conflict with Uganda in the late 1970’s that was previously mentioned required the use of military tactics against the opposition to rid them of their unfair leader, Idi Amin. This worked out in favor of Nyerere, it was successful and caused Nyerere to gain popularity in Uganda and throughout Africa. To sum it up, Nyerere’s treatment of his opposition was not always legal, but it wasn’t violent or brutal either. Also, his treatment towards opposition was extremely successful in the sense that he remained in power and kept a good reputation throughout Tanzania and Africa. Domestic and Foreign policies Political, economic, religious policies Nations such as the United States commenced to act cautiously while investing in the Socialist country of Tanzania. This is because TANU and Nyerere implemented a regime control system called the Arusha Declaration. The Arusha Declaration called for supreme regime control of dispersal and engenderment, a code of ethics for the countries political bellwethers and great grip on resourcefulness predicated off of the same lines as Ujamma. It was designed to regulate economic and social development. The five parts of the declaration are the TANU creed, the policy of socialism, the policy of self-reliance, TANU membership, and lastly the Arusha resolution. Nyerere promoted the Arusha Declaration as a way to show his hope to promote universal human dignity and break down class barriers. The Arusha Declaration availed to organize and present the countries political conceptions and policies in an official, orderly fashion, availing them to perpetuate on with their work and convince others they were doing so. Role of education, the arts, media, use of propaganda Nyerere’s main source of propaganda was education and he used it to get himself into power. He was a highly educated intellectual and was the first African to attend a British university. Nyerere used his respected education and viewpoint to his benefit. He was able to appeal and persuade the people of his country that his ideas would work, that his words were brilliant because of his degrees and experience. Nyerere’s promises of a better life and a caring, equal community were used to draw the people in. Status of women, treatment of minorities Nyerere believed in equality for all no matter what the gender or the minority of the individual. In the Arusha declaration it states, â€Å"All human beings are equal. † Therefore, this shows Nyerere believes that everyone has a right to freedom and everyone should be entitled to their own rights. Key political allies outside the country Nyerere enjoyed political longevity and friendly relations with Western and Eastern Bloc nations. He was also a close friend to both J. F. Kennedy and Nelson Mandela. During the time in which Nelson Mandela visited Tanzania with Nyerere as president he gives positive comments. â€Å"I then truly realized that I was in a country ruled by Africans. For the first time in my life, I was a free man †¦ I felt the burden of oppression lifting from my shoulders †¦ I was being judged for the first time not by the color of my skin but by the measure of my mind and character †¦ I met Julius Nyerere, the newly independent country’s first president. We talked at his house, which was not at all grand, and I recall that he drove himself in a simple car, a little Austin. This impressed me for it suggested that he was a man of the people. † Interaction with other states One of Nyerere’s aims was to unite all of Africa. Therefore, he regularly interacted with the African nations through meetings and organizations. An example mentioned earlier would be his involvement with Uganda. Conclusion: In conclusion, Julius Nyerere ruled over Tanzania through a totalitarian rule. His extent of his total control was shown through his origins, establishment of authoritarian rule, and through both his domestic and foreign policies. His rule ended when he voluntarily retired form office in 1985 and then died in 1999. MLA Works Cited Primary Sources- Mtikila, Reverend Christopher. Heaven On Earth: the Rise and Fall of Communism. Personal Interview. 10 Feb 2014. Nelson Mandelas Tanzania Trips Revisited. Nelson Mandela Foundation. N. p. , 26 Jan. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. Nyerere, Julius. â€Å"The Arusha Declaration. † N. p. , 5 February 1967. Web. 11 Feb 2014. Secondary Sources-

Spelling 10-23 Essays - Cereals, Energy Conservation, Roofs

Spelling 10-23 5. The face under a patch of graying hair was flabby, and it held two eyes trapped in a spider web of weary lines. 6. Dogs, hollow-bellied and dispirited, sprawled in the dust and that country lay behind the twisted arms of the surrounding thorn trees like an abandoned theatrical backdrop tarnished and yellow. 7. The full bodied and strong sunlight had begun to warm the drab colors of the hut, and I reached over and blew out the flame of the hurricane lamp. 8. It was a tiny hut with the usual single window blocked with corrugated iron, the usual thatched roof drooping its old eaves like a rotted tree, and the usual earthen floor paved with the burnt match sticks, paper, and shreds of tobacco. 9. Laved with its icy steams, a country with its valleys choked with bracken and its hills clothed in the green heather that wandered Scotsmen sing about seems hardly Africa. 10. The Young man halts at my threshold draped in a warriors's shuka, wearing a belt of beads hung with a club and a sword in a bright red scabbard. Social Issues